سُوْرَةُ الْحَشْرِ
Surah Al-Hashr (59) — Ayah 23
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱلْقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَـٰمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُ ٱلْمُهَيْمِنُ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْجَبَّارُ ٱلْمُتَكَبِّرُ ۚ سُبْحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ﴿23﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
He is Allâh beside Whom Lâ ilâha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), the King, the Holy, the One Free from all defects, the Giver of security, the Watcher over His creatures, the All-Mighty, the Compeller, the Supreme. Glory be to Allâh! (High is He) above all that they associate as partners with Him.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
هُوَ
huwa
He
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
(is) Allah
ٱلَّذِى
alladhī
the One Who
لَآ
lā
(there is) no
إِلَـٰهَ
ilāha
god
إِلَّا
illā
but
هُوَ
huwa
He
ٱلْمَلِكُ
l-maliku
the Sovereign
ٱلْقُدُّوسُ
l-qudūsu
the Holy One
ٱلسَّلَـٰمُ
l-salāmu
the Giver of Peace
ٱلْمُؤْمِنُ
l-mu'minu
the Giver of Security
ٱلْمُهَيْمِنُ
l-muhayminu
the Guardian
ٱلْعَزِيزُ
l-ʿazīzu
the All-Mighty
ٱلْجَبَّارُ
l-jabāru
the Irresistible
ٱلْمُتَكَبِّرُ ۚ
l-mutakabiru
the Supreme
سُبْحَـٰنَ
sub'ḥāna
Glory (be to)
ٱللَّهِ
l-lahi
Allah
عَمَّا
ʿammā
from what
يُشْرِكُونَ
yush'rikūna
they associate (with Him)
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 23) ➊ {هُوَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِيْ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ :} To further elaborate on the attributes, this sentence is mentioned again. The purpose of repetition is to emphasize the greatness of Allah’s blessed name {’’ اللّٰهُ ‘‘} and to give special attention to His oneness.
➋ { اَلْمَلِكُ:} This is the second predicate. The meaning of the definite article here is that He alone is the King, no one else, because if someone else is a king, he is only the king of a few people, not of all, and only for a certain time, not forever, whereas Allah is the King of all and forever, as a poet has said:
Sovereignty befits only that unique Being,
He alone is the ruler, the rest are idols of Azar.
See also the commentary of the first verse of Surah Al-Mulk. In the Quran, the exclusive kingship of Allah is mentioned at several places; see Surah Ar-Rum (26), Al-Hadid (5), Al-Furqan (2), Ya-Sin (83), and Al-Imran (26).
➌ {الْقُدُّوْسُ:} Most pure. The connection between {’’ اَلْمَلِكُ ‘‘} and the bringing of {’’ الْقُدُّوْسُ ‘‘} is that despite being the King, He is completely free from the defects and shortcomings found in worldly rulers.
➍ { السَّلٰمُ :} Absolute peace, meaning He is the One of peace. He Himself is safe from every calamity and misfortune, and He is the One who grants and preserves peace for all; unlike other powerful people, He does not spread destruction and ruin unjustly. In a supplication, these words are found: [ اَللّٰهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَ مِنْكَ السَّلَامُ ] [ مسلم، المساجد، باب استحباب الذکر بعد الصلاۃ و بیان صفتہ : ۵۹۲ ] “O Allah! You are absolute peace and from You comes peace.”
➎ { الْمُؤْمِنُ :} The Giver of security. Whoever receives security, receives it from Him alone.
➏ { الْمُهَيْمِنُ :} Overseer, Guardian. In Taysir al-Qur’an it is stated: {’’ الْمُهَيْمِنُ ‘‘} they say: {’’ هَيْمَنَ الطَّائِرُ عَلٰي فِرَاخِهِ ‘‘} meaning the bird spread its wings over its chicks, just as a hen hides her chicks under her wings in times of danger. Therefore, {’’ الْمُهَيْمِنُ ‘‘} is the Being who (1) grants security from fear, (2) constantly keeps watch, and (3) does not let anyone’s right be lost. (Muntaha al-Arab)
➐ { الْعَزِيْزُ الْجَبَّارُ: ’’ الْجَبَّارُ ‘‘} The Compeller, the One who enforces His will, who compels others to do His work. Allah is the Compeller over all creation, because none of them has the courage to refuse what He wants them to do, as He said: «ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰۤى اِلَى السَّمَآءِ وَ هِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ لِلْاَرْضِ ائْتِيَا طَوْعًا اَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَاۤ اَتَيْنَا طَآىِٕعِيْنَ » [ حٰمٓ السجدۃ : ۱۱ ] “Then He directed Himself to the heaven while it was smoke and said to it and to the earth: ‘Come willingly or unwillingly.’ They said: ‘We come willingly.’” No one can exceed the limit that Allah has set for him, just as a human can stand on one leg but not on both. One meaning of “Jabr” is also to set a broken bone and to make up for loss, meaning He alone is the One who compensates everyone’s loss.
➑ { الْمُتَكَبِّرُ:} It has two meanings: one is that a person is not truly great but tries to appear great, whether he is a jinn or a human, and this attribute is extremely blameworthy. The second is the one who is truly great and remains great, and this attribute is only befitting for Allah, and for Him it is a virtue not found in any other creation. All other things in the universe, whether living or non-living, are small and insignificant compared to Him. (Taysir al-Qur’an)
➒ {سُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُوْنَ :} Meaning, these attributes are proof that Allah is free from all those things which the polytheists have made His partners.
➋ { اَلْمَلِكُ:} This is the second predicate. The meaning of the definite article here is that He alone is the King, no one else, because if someone else is a king, he is only the king of a few people, not of all, and only for a certain time, not forever, whereas Allah is the King of all and forever, as a poet has said:
Sovereignty befits only that unique Being,
He alone is the ruler, the rest are idols of Azar.
See also the commentary of the first verse of Surah Al-Mulk. In the Quran, the exclusive kingship of Allah is mentioned at several places; see Surah Ar-Rum (26), Al-Hadid (5), Al-Furqan (2), Ya-Sin (83), and Al-Imran (26).
➌ {الْقُدُّوْسُ:} Most pure. The connection between {’’ اَلْمَلِكُ ‘‘} and the bringing of {’’ الْقُدُّوْسُ ‘‘} is that despite being the King, He is completely free from the defects and shortcomings found in worldly rulers.
➍ { السَّلٰمُ :} Absolute peace, meaning He is the One of peace. He Himself is safe from every calamity and misfortune, and He is the One who grants and preserves peace for all; unlike other powerful people, He does not spread destruction and ruin unjustly. In a supplication, these words are found: [ اَللّٰهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَ مِنْكَ السَّلَامُ ] [ مسلم، المساجد، باب استحباب الذکر بعد الصلاۃ و بیان صفتہ : ۵۹۲ ] “O Allah! You are absolute peace and from You comes peace.”
➎ { الْمُؤْمِنُ :} The Giver of security. Whoever receives security, receives it from Him alone.
➏ { الْمُهَيْمِنُ :} Overseer, Guardian. In Taysir al-Qur’an it is stated: {’’ الْمُهَيْمِنُ ‘‘} they say: {’’ هَيْمَنَ الطَّائِرُ عَلٰي فِرَاخِهِ ‘‘} meaning the bird spread its wings over its chicks, just as a hen hides her chicks under her wings in times of danger. Therefore, {’’ الْمُهَيْمِنُ ‘‘} is the Being who (1) grants security from fear, (2) constantly keeps watch, and (3) does not let anyone’s right be lost. (Muntaha al-Arab)
➐ { الْعَزِيْزُ الْجَبَّارُ: ’’ الْجَبَّارُ ‘‘} The Compeller, the One who enforces His will, who compels others to do His work. Allah is the Compeller over all creation, because none of them has the courage to refuse what He wants them to do, as He said: «ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰۤى اِلَى السَّمَآءِ وَ هِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَ لِلْاَرْضِ ائْتِيَا طَوْعًا اَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَاۤ اَتَيْنَا طَآىِٕعِيْنَ » [ حٰمٓ السجدۃ : ۱۱ ] “Then He directed Himself to the heaven while it was smoke and said to it and to the earth: ‘Come willingly or unwillingly.’ They said: ‘We come willingly.’” No one can exceed the limit that Allah has set for him, just as a human can stand on one leg but not on both. One meaning of “Jabr” is also to set a broken bone and to make up for loss, meaning He alone is the One who compensates everyone’s loss.
➑ { الْمُتَكَبِّرُ:} It has two meanings: one is that a person is not truly great but tries to appear great, whether he is a jinn or a human, and this attribute is extremely blameworthy. The second is the one who is truly great and remains great, and this attribute is only befitting for Allah, and for Him it is a virtue not found in any other creation. All other things in the universe, whether living or non-living, are small and insignificant compared to Him. (Taysir al-Qur’an)
➒ {سُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُوْنَ :} Meaning, these attributes are proof that Allah is free from all those things which the polytheists have made His partners.
