سُوْرَةُ الْقَمَرِ
Surah Al-Qamar (54) — Ayah 49
إِنَّا كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقْنَـٰهُ بِقَدَرٍ ﴿49﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
Verily, We have created all things with Qadar (Divine Preordainments of all things before their creation as written in the Book of Decrees Al-Lauh Al-Mahfûz).
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
إِنَّا
innā
Indeed, [We]
كُلَّ
kulla
every
شَىْءٍ
shayin
thing
خَلَقْنَـٰهُ
khalaqnāhu
We created it
بِقَدَرٍۢ
biqadarin
by a measure
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 49) ➊ The tanween on { اِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنٰهُ بِقَدَرٍ:’’ بِقَدَرٍ ‘‘} is for magnification. That is, if they are in doubt as to why the Resurrection has not yet occurred, the reason is that We have created everything with Our great and firm measure, which can never be wrong, because We have complete knowledge of the future just as of the past—how anything will be, how much it will be, and when it will be. In short, We have determined the form and appearance, time and place, strength and weakness, and everything else. For example, the one whose height We have determined as six feet will be exactly six feet; the one whom We have determined as blessed will be blessed, and the one whom We have determined as wretched will be wretched; the time We have fixed for anyone will not be advanced or delayed by even a moment. Thus, We have also fixed a time for the Resurrection; it can neither come before that nor be delayed by even a moment. If it does not occur now according to your demand, do not think that it will never occur. A similar verse is: «وَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ عِنْدَهٗ بِمِقْدَارٍ» [ الرعد : ۸ ] "And everything with Him is by due measure." And this verse from Surah Al-Mursalat: « فَقَدَرْنَا فَنِعْمَ الْقٰدِرُوْنَ » [ المرسلات : ۲۳] "So We determined, and We are the best to determine."
➋ By { ’’قَدَرٌ‘‘} is meant Qadar (predestination), which is included among the six things upon which faith depends. In the Hadith of Jibril, Jibril (peace be upon him) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), "Tell me about faith?" So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ ] [ مسلم، الإیمان، باب بیان الإیمان و الإسلام والإحسان … : ۸ ] "That you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and Qadar, its good and its bad." That is, Allah is the Creator of good Qadar and bad Qadar, not like the Magians who believe in two creators, one of good and one of evil. Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: [ كَتَبَ اللّٰهُ مَقَادِيْرَ الْخَلاَئِقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَّخْلُقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِيْنَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ قَالَ وَعَرْشُهُ عَلَی الْمَاءِ] [ مسلم، القدر، باب حجاج آدم و موسٰی صلی اللہ علیہما وسلم: ۲۶۵۳ ] "Allah wrote the decrees of all creation fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth." He said: "And (at that time) His Throne was upon the water." Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ بِقَدَرٍ حَتَّی الْعَجْزِ وَالْكَيْسِ ] [مسلم، القدر، باب کل شيء بقدر : ۲۶۵۵ ] "Everything is by Qadar, even incapacity and cleverness." That is, some people who are idle and useless, and some who are intelligent and clever, this too has already been written in Qadar.
➋ By { ’’قَدَرٌ‘‘} is meant Qadar (predestination), which is included among the six things upon which faith depends. In the Hadith of Jibril, Jibril (peace be upon him) asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), "Tell me about faith?" So he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ ] [ مسلم، الإیمان، باب بیان الإیمان و الإسلام والإحسان … : ۸ ] "That you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and Qadar, its good and its bad." That is, Allah is the Creator of good Qadar and bad Qadar, not like the Magians who believe in two creators, one of good and one of evil. Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: [ كَتَبَ اللّٰهُ مَقَادِيْرَ الْخَلاَئِقِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَّخْلُقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِيْنَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ قَالَ وَعَرْشُهُ عَلَی الْمَاءِ] [ مسلم، القدر، باب حجاج آدم و موسٰی صلی اللہ علیہما وسلم: ۲۶۵۳ ] "Allah wrote the decrees of all creation fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth." He said: "And (at that time) His Throne was upon the water." Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ بِقَدَرٍ حَتَّی الْعَجْزِ وَالْكَيْسِ ] [مسلم، القدر، باب کل شيء بقدر : ۲۶۵۵ ] "Everything is by Qadar, even incapacity and cleverness." That is, some people who are idle and useless, and some who are intelligent and clever, this too has already been written in Qadar.
