Surah Al-Qamar (54) — Ayah 45

On {سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَ يُوَلُّوْنَ الدُّبُرَ: ’’ الْجَمْعُ ‘‘}, the "alif lam" is for external specification, meaning the group mentioned in the previous verse by the word {’’ جَمِيْعٌ ‘‘}. Therefore, the translation is "this group." That is, if this is what they say, then remember that this group, no matter how powerful they consider themselves, will soon be defeated and these people will turn their backs and flee. The word {’’ الدُّبُرَ ‘‘} is singular, but it means the whole kind: {’’أَيْ يُوَلِّيْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمْ دُبُرَهُ‘‘} "That is, each one of them will turn his back and flee." This is for the correspondence of the last letters of the verses. These verses were revealed in Mecca, when the Muslims were oppressed and subdued, and no one could even imagine that the Quraysh of Mecca, who possessed such power and strength, could ever be defeated by these weak and helpless Muslims and would turn their backs and flee. Some of these Muslims had taken refuge in Abyssinia to save their lives, some were besieged in the valley of Abu Talib, and due to the boycott and siege of the Quraysh, they were dying of hunger. But according to Allah’s promise, that time came, and indeed, in a short period, at Badr, Ahzab, and other battles, this prophecy was fulfilled. Before the battle of Badr began, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) recited this verse, and then the Companions realized that this was the defeat which Allah had warned the disbelievers of Mecca about. Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that on the day of Badr, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was in his tent, and at that time he said: [ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ، اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنْ تَشَأْ لاَ تُعْبَدْ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ ] "O Allah! I beseech You by Your covenant and Your promise. O Allah! If You will, after today You will not be worshipped (so if You wish, leave this small group helpless to be destroyed, otherwise surely help them)." Then Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) took hold of his hand and said, "O Messenger of Allah! That is enough, you have supplicated to your Lord with great insistence." Then the Prophet (peace be upon him), wearing his armor, came out leaping and reciting this verse: « سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَ يُوَلُّوْنَ الدُّبُرَ » "Soon this group will be defeated and they will turn their backs and flee." [ بخاري، التفسیر، باب قولہ: {سیھزم الجمع } : ۴۸۷۵ ]