سُوْرَةُ الْجَاثِيَةِ
Surah Al-Jaathiya (45) — Ayah 31
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ ءَايَـٰتِى تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ ﴿31﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
But as for those who disbelieved (it will be said to them): "Were not Our Verses recited to you? But you were proud, and you were a people who were Mujrimûn (polytheists, disbelievers, sinners, criminals)."
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
وَأَمَّا
wa-ammā
But as for
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
those who
كَفَرُوٓا۟
kafarū
disbelieved
أَفَلَمْ
afalam
Then were not
تَكُنْ
takun
Then were not
ءَايَـٰتِى
āyātī
My Verses
تُتْلَىٰ
tut'lā
recited
عَلَيْكُمْ
ʿalaykum
to you
فَٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ
fa-is'takbartum
but you were proud
وَكُنتُمْ
wakuntum
and you became
قَوْمًۭا
qawman
a people
مُّجْرِمِينَ
muj'rimīna
criminals
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 31) ➊ After {وَ اَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا اَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ اٰيٰتِيْ تُتْلٰى عَلَيْكُمْ: ’’ وَ اَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا ‘‘}, some words are omitted, because {’’ وَ اَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا ‘‘} is a part of a declarative sentence and {’’ اَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ اٰيٰتِيْ تُتْلٰى عَلَيْكُمْ ‘‘} is an address and interrogation, which is a non-declarative sentence. Some of the omitted words are clear from the previous verse and some are understood from the later words {’’ اَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ …‘‘}, which could be like this: {’’وَ أَمَّا الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ فِيْ عَذَابِهِ وَ يَقُوْلُ أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِيْ تُتْلٰي عَلَيْكُمْ‘‘} "That is, as for the disbelievers, He will admit them into His punishment and will say, 'Were not My verses recited to you?'" (And Allah knows best.) The meaning is that along with the punishment of Hell, they will also hear the reproach and scolding of Allah Almighty, which in itself will be a very great torment.
➋ In { فَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَ كُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِيْنَ:}, the word "criminal" (mujrim) has come in contrast to "Muslim," as He said: «اَفَنَجْعَلُ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ كَالْمُجْرِمِيْنَ (35) مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُوْنَ» [ القلم : ۳۵، ۳۶ ] "So shall We treat those who submit as We treat the criminals? What is wrong with you, how do you judge?" That is, despite hearing My verses, you considered yourself too great and high to make yourself obedient to Me, and instead of becoming Muslim, you insisted on being criminals, whereas this is something I can never accept. See also the commentary of Surah Al-Jathiyah (7 to 11) and Surah Al-A'raf (36, 40). Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ قَالَ اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰی الْكِبْرِيَاءُ رِدَاءِيْ وَالْعَظَمَةُ إِزَارِيْ فَمَنْ نَازَعَنِيْ وَاحِدًا مِّنْهُمَا قَذَفْتُهُ فِي النَّارِ ] [ أبو داوٗد، اللباس، باب ما جاء في الکبر : ۴۰۹۰، وقال الألباني صحیح ] "Allah Almighty said, 'Majesty is My upper garment and greatness is My lower garment, so whoever tries to snatch either of them from Me, I will throw him into the Fire.'" And Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيْ قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِّنْ كِبْرٍ، وَلاَ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيْ قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِّنْ إِيْمَانٍ ] [ ابن ماجہ، المقدمۃ، باب في الإیمان : ۵۹، قال الألباني صحیح ] "He will not enter Paradise who has in his heart a mustard seed's weight of arrogance, and he will not enter Hell who has in his heart a mustard seed's weight of faith." And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself explained arrogance, that it is not wearing beautiful clothes or beautiful shoes, but he said: [ اَلْكِبْرُ بَطَرُ الْحَقِّ وَغَمْطُ النَّاسِ ] [ مسلم، الإیمان، باب تحریم الکبر و بیانہ : ۹۱ ] "Arrogance is rejecting the truth and looking down on people."
➋ In { فَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَ كُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِيْنَ:}, the word "criminal" (mujrim) has come in contrast to "Muslim," as He said: «اَفَنَجْعَلُ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ كَالْمُجْرِمِيْنَ (35) مَا لَكُمْ كَيْفَ تَحْكُمُوْنَ» [ القلم : ۳۵، ۳۶ ] "So shall We treat those who submit as We treat the criminals? What is wrong with you, how do you judge?" That is, despite hearing My verses, you considered yourself too great and high to make yourself obedient to Me, and instead of becoming Muslim, you insisted on being criminals, whereas this is something I can never accept. See also the commentary of Surah Al-Jathiyah (7 to 11) and Surah Al-A'raf (36, 40). Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ قَالَ اللّٰهُ تَعَالٰی الْكِبْرِيَاءُ رِدَاءِيْ وَالْعَظَمَةُ إِزَارِيْ فَمَنْ نَازَعَنِيْ وَاحِدًا مِّنْهُمَا قَذَفْتُهُ فِي النَّارِ ] [ أبو داوٗد، اللباس، باب ما جاء في الکبر : ۴۰۹۰، وقال الألباني صحیح ] "Allah Almighty said, 'Majesty is My upper garment and greatness is My lower garment, so whoever tries to snatch either of them from Me, I will throw him into the Fire.'" And Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيْ قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِّنْ كِبْرٍ، وَلاَ يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ مَنْ كَانَ فِيْ قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ حَبَّةٍ مِنْ خَرْدَلٍ مِّنْ إِيْمَانٍ ] [ ابن ماجہ، المقدمۃ، باب في الإیمان : ۵۹، قال الألباني صحیح ] "He will not enter Paradise who has in his heart a mustard seed's weight of arrogance, and he will not enter Hell who has in his heart a mustard seed's weight of faith." And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) himself explained arrogance, that it is not wearing beautiful clothes or beautiful shoes, but he said: [ اَلْكِبْرُ بَطَرُ الْحَقِّ وَغَمْطُ النَّاسِ ] [ مسلم، الإیمان، باب تحریم الکبر و بیانہ : ۹۱ ] "Arrogance is rejecting the truth and looking down on people."
