سُوْرَةُ الشُّوْرٰي
Surah Ash-Shura (42) — Ayah 37
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَجْتَنِبُونَ كَبَـٰٓئِرَ ٱلْإِثْمِ وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ وَإِذَا مَا غَضِبُوا۟ هُمْ يَغْفِرُونَ ﴿37﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
And those who avoid the greater sins, and Al-Fawâhish (illegal sexual intercourse), and when they are angry, forgive.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
وَٱلَّذِينَ
wa-alladhīna
And those who
يَجْتَنِبُونَ
yajtanibūna
avoid
كَبَـٰٓئِرَ
kabāira
(the) greater
ٱلْإِثْمِ
l-ith'mi
sins
وَٱلْفَوَٰحِشَ
wal-fawāḥisha
and the immoralities
وَإِذَا
wa-idhā
and when
مَا
mā
and when
غَضِبُوا۟
ghaḍibū
they are angry
هُمْ
hum
they
يَغْفِرُونَ
yaghfirūna
forgive
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 37) ➊ { وَ الَّذِيْنَ يَجْتَنِبُوْنَ كَبٰٓىِٕرَ الْاِثْمِ وَ الْفَوَاحِشَ:} After faith and trust, first those things are mentioned from which abstinence is necessary; they are major sins, indecencies, and anger. For the definition of "Kabā’ir" (major sins), see Surah An-Nisa, Ayah (31). {’’ الْفَوَاحِشَ ‘‘ ’’ فَاحِشَةٌ ‘‘} is the plural, any statement or action whose evil is exceedingly great, such as adultery, the act of the people of Lot, and severe miserliness, etc. (See Surah Al-Baqarah: 268) In the verse, the word "Kabā’ir" is general, which also includes indecencies, but "indecencies" are mentioned separately to instill aversion towards them. Shaykh Abdur Rahman As-Sa'di said that indecencies are those major sins for which there is an inclination in human nature. See also Surah Bani Isra'il (32).
➋ { وَ اِذَا مَا غَضِبُوْا هُمْ يَغْفِرُوْنَ:} The mention of forgiving in a state of anger is made specifically, because only those people can do this who possess very strong resolve, as generally in anger a person loses sense and awareness. To control oneself in this state is proof of a person's perfection of intellect and self-restraint. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [لَيْسَ الشَّدِيْدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيْدُ الَّذِيْ يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ ] [ بخاري، الأدب، باب الحذر من الغضب: ۶۱۱۴ ] "The strong man is not the one who overcomes others, the strong man is only the one who controls himself at the time of anger." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) possessed the quality of forgiveness and forbearance to the highest degree. (See Al-Imran: 159) Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: [ مَا انْتَقَمَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّی اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِنَفْسِهِ فِيْ شَيْءٍ يُؤْتٰی إِلَيْهِ حَتّٰی يُنْتَهَكَ مِنْ حُرُمَاتِ اللّٰهِ فَيَنْتَقِمُ لِلّٰهِ ] [بخاري، الحدود، باب کم التعزیر و الأدب ؟ : ۶۸۵۳ ] "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never took revenge for anything done to him personally. Yes, if one of Allah's sanctities was violated, then he would take revenge for Allah's sake." See also Surah Al-Imran (133, 134). This quality was also present in the Rightly Guided Caliphs to the highest degree, as is evident from their biographies.
➋ { وَ اِذَا مَا غَضِبُوْا هُمْ يَغْفِرُوْنَ:} The mention of forgiving in a state of anger is made specifically, because only those people can do this who possess very strong resolve, as generally in anger a person loses sense and awareness. To control oneself in this state is proof of a person's perfection of intellect and self-restraint. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [لَيْسَ الشَّدِيْدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيْدُ الَّذِيْ يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ ] [ بخاري، الأدب، باب الحذر من الغضب: ۶۱۱۴ ] "The strong man is not the one who overcomes others, the strong man is only the one who controls himself at the time of anger." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) possessed the quality of forgiveness and forbearance to the highest degree. (See Al-Imran: 159) Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: [ مَا انْتَقَمَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّی اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِنَفْسِهِ فِيْ شَيْءٍ يُؤْتٰی إِلَيْهِ حَتّٰی يُنْتَهَكَ مِنْ حُرُمَاتِ اللّٰهِ فَيَنْتَقِمُ لِلّٰهِ ] [بخاري، الحدود، باب کم التعزیر و الأدب ؟ : ۶۸۵۳ ] "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never took revenge for anything done to him personally. Yes, if one of Allah's sanctities was violated, then he would take revenge for Allah's sake." See also Surah Al-Imran (133, 134). This quality was also present in the Rightly Guided Caliphs to the highest degree, as is evident from their biographies.
