Surah Saba (34) — Ayah 39

(Ayah 39) ➊ {قُلْ اِنَّ رَبِّيْ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهٖ وَ يَقْدِرُ لَهٗ :} The reason for repeating these words is that the purpose is different in both places. In the first verse, the purpose is to refute the words of the disbelievers, and here the purpose is to encourage the believers to spend. In addition, here {’’ يَقْدِرُ ‘‘} is added with {’’ لَهٗ ‘‘}, meaning Allah expands the provision for whomever He wills among His servants, and He restricts the provision for whomever He wills. Therefore, if someone withholds and does not spend in the way of Allah thinking that spending will decrease his provision, then this is his mistake; the restriction or expansion of provision is not related to his miserliness or generosity, but to the will of Allah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him): [ أَنْفِقْ بِلاَلُ! وَلاَ تَخْشَ مِنْ ذِي الْعَرْشِ إِقْلَالًا] [ سلسلۃ الأحادیث الصحیحۃ: 160/6، ح : ۲۶۶۱۔ مسند البزار : 204/4، ح : ۱۳۶۶ ] "Bilal! Spend and do not fear poverty from the Owner of the Throne."

➋ { ’’ يَقْدِرُ لَهٗ ‘‘} (He restricts it for him) Instead of {’’عَلَيْهِ‘‘}, the use of {’’ لَهٗ ‘‘} means that Allah restricts the provision of a believer for his own benefit, because being content with what Allah has given and being pleased with it is a great blessing, and the reckoning in it is also less. Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَ رُزِقَ كَفَافًا وَ قَنَّعَهُ اللّٰهُ بِمَا آتَاهُ ] [ مسلم، الزکاۃ، باب في الکفاف والقناعۃ : ۱۰۵۴ ] "Indeed, successful is the one who accepted Islam, was given provision sufficient for his needs, and Allah made him content with what He gave him."

➌ {وَ مَاۤ اَنْفَقْتُمْ مِّنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهٗ :} That is, whatever you spend in the way of Allah, according to His command, whether more or less, Allah will grant you more in its place in this world, and as for the reward in the Hereafter, no one can estimate it. Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ يُصْبِحُ الْعِبَادُ فِيْهِ إِلَّا مَلَكَانِ يَنْزِلَانِ فَيَقُوْلُ أَحَدُهُمَا اللّٰهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُنْفِقًا خَلَفًا، وَ يَقُوْلُ الْآخَرُ اللّٰهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُمْسِكًا تَلَفًا ] [ بخاري، الزکاۃ، باب قول اللّٰہ تعالٰی : «فأما من أعطی …» : ۱۴۴۲ ] "Every day when the servants wake up, two angels descend. One of them says: O Allah! Give more to the one who spends, and the other says: O Allah! Destroy the wealth of the one who withholds." Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said: [ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ! أَنْفِقْ أُنْفِقْ عَلَيْكَ، وَ قَالَ يَمِيْنُ اللّٰهِ مَلْأَی سَحَّاءُ لَا يَغِيْضُهَا شَيْءٌ، اللَّيْلَ وَ النَّهَارَ ] [ مسلم، الزکاۃ، باب الحث علی النفقۃ… : ۹۹۳۔ بخاري : ۴۶۸۴ ] "O son of Adam! Spend, I will spend on you." And he said: "Allah's right hand is full, pouring generously, and never diminishes by spending, day and night." Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: [ مَا نَقَصَتْ صَدَقَةٌ مِنْ مَّالٍ وَ مَا زَادَ اللّٰهُ عَبْدًا بِعَفْوٍ إِلَّا عِزًّا وَمَا تَوَاضَعَ أَحَدٌ لِلّٰهِ إِلَّا رَفَعَهُ اللّٰهُ ] [ مسلم، البر و الصلۃ، باب استحباب العفو والتواضع : ۲۵۸۸ ] "Charity does not decrease wealth, and Allah increases the honor of a servant who forgives, and no one humbles himself for Allah except that Allah raises him."

➍ { وَ هُوَ خَيْرُ الرّٰزِقِيْنَ:} Because all other givers give from what He has given, He alone is the One who gives everything from Himself.