سُوْرَةُ الرُّوْمِ
Surah Ar-Room (30) — Ayah 18
وَلَهُ ٱلْحَمْدُ فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَعَشِيًّا وَحِينَ تُظْهِرُونَ ﴿18﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
And His are all the praises and thanks in the heavens and the earth; and (glorify Him) in the afternoon (i.e. offer ‘Asr prayer) and when you come up to the time, when the day begins to decline (i.e. offer Zuhr prayer). (Ibn ‘Abbâs said: "These are the five compulsory congregational prayers mentioned in the Qur’ân)." [Tafsir At-Tabari]
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
وَلَهُ
walahu
And for Him
ٱلْحَمْدُ
l-ḥamdu
(are) all praises
فِى
fī
in
ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ
l-samāwāti
the heavens
وَٱلْأَرْضِ
wal-arḍi
and the earth
وَعَشِيًّۭا
waʿashiyyan
and (at) night
وَحِينَ
waḥīna
and when
تُظْهِرُونَ
tuẓ'hirūna
you are at noon
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 18) ➊ {وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ فِي السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ …:} In this verse, {’’ وَ عَشِيًّا وَّ حِيْنَ تُظْهِرُوْنَ ‘‘} is connected with {’’ فَسُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ ‘‘}. The continuous text is as follows: The sentence {’’ فَسُبْحَانَ اللّٰهِ حِيْنَ تُمْسُوْنَ وَ حِيْنَ تُصْبِحُوْنَ وَ عَشِيًّا وَّ حِيْنَ تُظْهِرُوْنَ۔‘‘ ’’ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ فِي السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ ‘‘} is parenthetical, meaning not only is Allah free from every defect and imperfection, but He is also the possessor of every excellence. Wherever there is any excellence in the heavens and the earth, Allah alone is the owner of that excellence and deserving of all praise for it. So, along with tasbih, the duty of tahmid should also be fulfilled.
➋ These five prayer times are set according to the five daily changes that occur in the system of the universe. In the evening, when the radiant sun sets and the rule of the day ends, the command for Maghrib prayer is given. Then, until Isha, twilight prevails. With the setting of twilight, the remaining effect of the sun also ends, and the darkness of night is completed, upon which the command for Isha prayer is given. With the rising of dawn, the night gathers its skirts, and at that time the command for Fajr prayer is given. Then, when the light and heat of the sun reach their peak, the command for Dhuhr is given, and when the sun’s heat and light begin to turn into paleness after reaching their peak, the command for Asr prayer is given. It is as if, at every revolution in the universe, there is a command to prostrate before the One who brings about these revolutions.
➋ These five prayer times are set according to the five daily changes that occur in the system of the universe. In the evening, when the radiant sun sets and the rule of the day ends, the command for Maghrib prayer is given. Then, until Isha, twilight prevails. With the setting of twilight, the remaining effect of the sun also ends, and the darkness of night is completed, upon which the command for Isha prayer is given. With the rising of dawn, the night gathers its skirts, and at that time the command for Fajr prayer is given. Then, when the light and heat of the sun reach their peak, the command for Dhuhr is given, and when the sun’s heat and light begin to turn into paleness after reaching their peak, the command for Asr prayer is given. It is as if, at every revolution in the universe, there is a command to prostrate before the One who brings about these revolutions.
