سُوْرَةُ الرُّوْمِ
Surah Ar-Room (30) — Ayah 17
فَسُبْحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ حِينَ تُمْسُونَ وَحِينَ تُصْبِحُونَ ﴿17﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
So glorify Allâh [above all that (evil) they associate with Him (O believers)] when you come up to the evening [i.e. offer the (Maghrib ) sunset and (‘Ishâ’) night prayers], and when you enter the morning [i.e. offer the (Fajr) morning prayer].
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
فَسُبْحَـٰنَ
fasub'ḥāna
So glory be to
ٱللَّهِ
l-lahi
Allah
حِينَ
ḥīna
when
تُمْسُونَ
tum'sūna
you reach the evening
وَحِينَ
waḥīna
and when
تُصْبِحُونَ
tuṣ'biḥūna
you reach the morning
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 17) ➊ { فَسُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ: ’’سُبْحَانَ اللّٰهِ‘‘} is the maf’ul mutlaq of a deleted verb in {’’سَبِّحُوْا‘‘}. In “So glorify Allah,” the meaning of “so” is that when you have come to know what will happen to those who have faith and do righteous deeds, and what will be the fate of those who deny and reject Allah’s signs, then it is incumbent upon you that, in order to enter the magnificent gardens of Paradise and to be saved from Allah’s punishment, you should glorify Allah. Declare Him free from every partner, every defect, and every weakness. The polytheists and disbelievers are associating partners with Allah and declaring Allah incapable of establishing the Resurrection, so you should declare Allah free from all these things and glorify Him.
➋ {حِيْنَ تُمْسُوْنَ وَ حِيْنَ تُصْبِحُوْنَ …:} The best and most comprehensive way to express and declare the glorification of Allah with the tongue and action is prayer (salah). Therefore, the commentators have taken “glorification” here to mean prayer, and there is a clear indication of this here, because the glorification of Allah can and should be done at every moment of day and night, and the specification of times for it means that here the command is for a special form of glorification, which is the five daily prayers. Thus, {’’ حِيْنَ تُمْسُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the evening”) refers to Maghrib and Isha, {’’ حِيْنَ تُصْبِحُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the morning”) refers to the Fajr prayer, {’’ عَشِيًّا ‘‘} (“in the late afternoon”) refers to the Asr prayer, and {’’ حِيْنَ تُظْهِرُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the time of noon”) refers to the Dhuhr prayer. Remember, the times of the prayers are mentioned here in a general way; the determination of their beginning and end and the method of performing the prayers have been explained in the hadith of the Messenger (peace be upon him), without which it is not possible to act upon the command of the Qur’an. Also, take a look at the commentary of Surah Bani Isra’il (17:78), Hud (11:114), and Ta-Ha (20:130) for the mention of the times of prayer in the Qur’an.
➋ {حِيْنَ تُمْسُوْنَ وَ حِيْنَ تُصْبِحُوْنَ …:} The best and most comprehensive way to express and declare the glorification of Allah with the tongue and action is prayer (salah). Therefore, the commentators have taken “glorification” here to mean prayer, and there is a clear indication of this here, because the glorification of Allah can and should be done at every moment of day and night, and the specification of times for it means that here the command is for a special form of glorification, which is the five daily prayers. Thus, {’’ حِيْنَ تُمْسُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the evening”) refers to Maghrib and Isha, {’’ حِيْنَ تُصْبِحُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the morning”) refers to the Fajr prayer, {’’ عَشِيًّا ‘‘} (“in the late afternoon”) refers to the Asr prayer, and {’’ حِيْنَ تُظْهِرُوْنَ ‘‘} (“when you enter the time of noon”) refers to the Dhuhr prayer. Remember, the times of the prayers are mentioned here in a general way; the determination of their beginning and end and the method of performing the prayers have been explained in the hadith of the Messenger (peace be upon him), without which it is not possible to act upon the command of the Qur’an. Also, take a look at the commentary of Surah Bani Isra’il (17:78), Hud (11:114), and Ta-Ha (20:130) for the mention of the times of prayer in the Qur’an.
