سُوْرَةُ الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ
Surah Al-Muminoon (23) — Ayah 88
قُلْ مَنۢ بِيَدِهِۦ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿88﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
Say "In Whose Hand is the sovereignty of everything (i.e. treasures of each and everything)? And He protects (all), while against Whom there is no protector, (i.e. if Allâh saves anyone none can punish or harm him, and if Allâh punishes or harms anyone none can save him), if you know?" [Tafsir Al-Qurtubî]
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
قُلْ
qul
Say
مَنۢ
man
Who is (it)
بِيَدِهِۦ
biyadihi
in Whose Hand(s)
مَلَكُوتُ
malakūtu
(is the) dominion
كُلِّ
kulli
(of) all
شَىْءٍۢ
shayin
things
وَهُوَ
wahuwa
and He
يُجِيرُ
yujīru
protects
وَلَا
walā
and no (one)
يُجَارُ
yujāru
(can) be protected
عَلَيْهِ
ʿalayhi
against Him
إِن
in
If
كُنتُمْ
kuntum
you
تَعْلَمُونَ
taʿlamūna
know
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 88) ➊ The word {’’ مَلَكُوْتُ ‘‘} has been used in both {قُلْ مَنْۢ بِيَدِهٖ مَلَكُوْتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ : ’’مُلْكٌ‘‘} and {’’مِلْكٌ‘‘} to create emphasis in the meaning, that is, such perfect ownership and perfect sovereignty in which there is no deficiency. By bringing {’’ بِيَدِهٖ ‘‘} first, exclusivity has been created in the statement, therefore it has been translated as: "Say, who is it in whose hand alone is the complete sovereignty of everything?"
➋ { وَ هُوَ يُجِيْرُ وَ لَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ: ’’ أَجَارَ يُجِيْرُ ‘‘} (verbs) means to grant protection, to save someone from everyone and take them into one's own protection. Ibn Kathir says: "It was the custom of the Arabs that if their chief granted protection to someone, that protection would not be violated and no one would have the authority to grant protection against him."
➌ When they were made to admit the ownership of both the lower and upper worlds, it was commanded to make them acknowledge Allah's lordship over everything, so that it would include those things that have been mentioned and also those that have not been mentioned. Thus, it was said: Say, who is it that only in His hand is the complete ownership and perfect sovereignty of everything, and He grants protection (that is, whoever He grants protection to, no one can harm him), and against Him, protection is not granted (that is, whoever He seizes, no one can take him into their protection, nor can anyone rescue him from Him).
➋ { وَ هُوَ يُجِيْرُ وَ لَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ: ’’ أَجَارَ يُجِيْرُ ‘‘} (verbs) means to grant protection, to save someone from everyone and take them into one's own protection. Ibn Kathir says: "It was the custom of the Arabs that if their chief granted protection to someone, that protection would not be violated and no one would have the authority to grant protection against him."
➌ When they were made to admit the ownership of both the lower and upper worlds, it was commanded to make them acknowledge Allah's lordship over everything, so that it would include those things that have been mentioned and also those that have not been mentioned. Thus, it was said: Say, who is it that only in His hand is the complete ownership and perfect sovereignty of everything, and He grants protection (that is, whoever He grants protection to, no one can harm him), and against Him, protection is not granted (that is, whoever He seizes, no one can take him into their protection, nor can anyone rescue him from Him).
