Surah Al-Hajj (22) — Ayah 19

(Ayah 19) ➊ { هٰذٰنِ خَصْمٰنِ اخْتَصَمُوْا فِيْ رَبِّهِمْ :} Here, among the two disputing parties, one group is the Muslims and the other group consists of those five groups who were mentioned in the previous verse after the believers, and who are called disbelievers in this verse. Disputing about the Lord means that the Muslims believe in the oneness of Allah, and all these people have various ideas about monotheism, which are different forms of disbelief. The inevitable result of this opposition is jihad from the Muslims. The first battle in which there was face-to-face combat in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was the Battle of Badr, in which the first to come out to the field were Hamzah bin Abdul Muttalib, Ubaidah bin Harith, and Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with them), who came out against their closest relatives Utbah bin Rabi’ah, Shaybah bin Rabi’ah, and Walid bin Utbah. Thus, the foremost application of this verse is to these three noble companions (may Allah be pleased with them). About Abu Dharr Ghifari (may Allah be pleased with him), it is mentioned: [ أَنَّهٗ كَانَ يُقْسِمُ قَسَمًا إِنَّ هٰذِهِ الْآيَةَ : «هٰذٰنِ خَصْمٰنِ اخْتَصَمُوْا فِيْ رَبِّهِمْ » نَزَلَتْ فِيْ حَمْزَةَ وَصَاحِبَيْهِ وَعُتْبَةَ وَصَاحِبَيْهِ يَوْمَ بَرَزُوْا فِيْ يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ ] [ بخاري، التفسیر، باب: « ھذان خصمان …» : ۴۷۴۳۔ مسلم : ۳۰۳۳ ] “He used to swear that this verse: «{ هٰذٰنِ خَصْمٰنِ اخْتَصَمُوْا فِيْ رَبِّهِمْ }» was revealed about those six men—Hamzah and his two companions, and ‘Utbah and his two companions—who came out against each other on the Day of Badr.” And Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “I am the first person who will sit on his knees before the Most Merciful on the Day of Resurrection for this dispute and present my case.” [ بخاري، التفسیر، باب: « ھٰذان خصمان اختصموا في ربھم » : ۴۷۴۴ ] After these three, all those mujahideen who, until the Day of Resurrection, fought or will fight against the disbelievers for the sake of monotheism are also included in this verse.

➋ {فَالَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّنْ نَّارٍ:} That is, garments of fire have been cut out for the disbelievers. Here, the event of the Day of Resurrection is described with a past tense verb, meaning this matter is so certain that it is as if it has already happened. These garments of fire will be in the form of shirts, as He said: «{ سَرَابِيْلُهُمْ مِّنْ قَطِرَانٍ }» [ إبراھیم : ۵۰ ] “Their shirts will be of sulfur.” And also in the form of bedding and coverings above and below, as He said: «{ لَهُمْ مِّنْ جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌ وَّ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍ }» [الأعراف : ۴۱ ] “For them will be bedding from Hell and coverings above them.”

➌ {يُصَبُّ مِنْ فَوْقِ رُءُوْسِهِمُ الْحَمِيْمُ : ’’ الْحَمِيْمُ ‘‘} Extremely hot (boiling) water. See also Surah Ad-Dukhan (44:48).