سُوْرَةُ يُوْنُسَ
Surah Yunus (10) — Ayah 5
هُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ ٱلشَّمْسَ ضِيَآءً وَٱلْقَمَرَ نُورًا وَقَدَّرَهُۥ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوا۟ عَدَدَ ٱلسِّنِينَ وَٱلْحِسَابَ ۚ مَا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ ۚ يُفَصِّلُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿5﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
It is He Who made the sun a shining thing and the moon as a light and measured out for it stages that you might know the number of years and the reckoning. Allâh did not create this but in truth. He explains the Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) in detail for people who have knowledge.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
هُوَ
huwa
He
ٱلَّذِى
alladhī
(is) the One Who
جَعَلَ
jaʿala
made
ٱلشَّمْسَ
l-shamsa
the sun
ضِيَآءًۭ
ḍiyāan
a shining light
وَٱلْقَمَرَ
wal-qamara
and the moon
نُورًۭا
nūran
a reflected light
وَقَدَّرَهُۥ
waqaddarahu
and determined for it
مَنَازِلَ
manāzila
phases
لِتَعْلَمُوا۟
litaʿlamū
that you may know
عَدَدَ
ʿadada
(the) number
ٱلسِّنِينَ
l-sinīna
(of) the years
وَٱلْحِسَابَ ۚ
wal-ḥisāba
and the count (of time)
مَا
mā
Not
خَلَقَ
khalaqa
created
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
Allah
ذَٰلِكَ
dhālika
that
إِلَّا
illā
except
بِٱلْحَقِّ ۚ
bil-ḥaqi
in truth
يُفَصِّلُ
yufaṣṣilu
He explains
ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ
l-āyāti
the Signs
لِقَوْمٍۢ
liqawmin
for a people
يَعْلَمُونَ
yaʿlamūna
(who) know
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 5) ➊ The word 'ḍiyā’an' is from {هُوَ الَّذِيْ جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَآءً …: ’’ ضِيَآءً ‘‘ ’’ ضَاءَ يَضُوْءُ ضَوْءً ا وَ ضِيَاءً‘‘} and is a verbal noun like {’’ قِيَامًا ‘‘}; some say it is the plural of {’’ ضَوْءٌ‘‘}, just as the plural of {’’ سَوْطٌ‘‘} is {’’سِيَاطٌ‘‘}, meaning He made the sun {’’ذَاتَ ضِيَاءٍ‘‘} with intense brightness and the moon {’’ذَا نُوْرٍ‘‘} with light, then by omitting {’’ذَاتَ‘‘} and {’’ذَا‘‘} for emphasis, He declared the sun to be entirely radiant and the moon to be entirely luminous. The difference between ḍiyā’ and nūr is the same as the difference between the sun’s intense and hot light and the moon’s calm light. For the movement and stillness of humans and the universe, the sun and moon are as necessary as day and night.
➋ {وَ قَدَّرَهٗ مَنَازِلَ …:} means He appointed phases for the moon, so that it decreases and increases every day. Although the sun also has appointed phases, which will be mentioned in the next verse, the moon’s daily changing appearance through twenty-eight phases, then hiding for one or two days and rising anew, makes it easier and more practical for determining dates, months, and years. Therefore, all the rulings of the Shariah, such as Hajj, fasting, and expiation, are also related to it. See the commentary of «{ يَسْـَٔلُوْنَكَ عَنِ الْاَهِلَّةِ }» [ البقرۃ : ۱۸۹ ].
➌ { مَا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ ذٰلِكَ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ …:} means Allah Almighty did not create all this in vain or without purpose. This detail is for those who possess knowledge and understanding, because those without knowledge and understanding do not benefit from the mention of these signs of Allah Almighty.
➋ {وَ قَدَّرَهٗ مَنَازِلَ …:} means He appointed phases for the moon, so that it decreases and increases every day. Although the sun also has appointed phases, which will be mentioned in the next verse, the moon’s daily changing appearance through twenty-eight phases, then hiding for one or two days and rising anew, makes it easier and more practical for determining dates, months, and years. Therefore, all the rulings of the Shariah, such as Hajj, fasting, and expiation, are also related to it. See the commentary of «{ يَسْـَٔلُوْنَكَ عَنِ الْاَهِلَّةِ }» [ البقرۃ : ۱۸۹ ].
➌ { مَا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ ذٰلِكَ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ …:} means Allah Almighty did not create all this in vain or without purpose. This detail is for those who possess knowledge and understanding, because those without knowledge and understanding do not benefit from the mention of these signs of Allah Almighty.
