سُوْرَةُ التَّوْبَةِ
Surah At-Tawba (9) — Ayah 29
قَـٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَلَا بِٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ ٱلْحَقِّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا۟ ٱلْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَـٰغِرُونَ ﴿29﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
Fight against those who (1) believe not in Allâh, (2) nor in the Last Day, (3) nor forbid that which has been forbidden by Allâh and His Messenger Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) (4) and those who acknowledge not the religion of truth (i.e. Islâm) among the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians), until they pay the Jizyah with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
قَـٰتِلُوا۟
qātilū
Fight
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
those who
لَا
lā
(do) not
يُؤْمِنُونَ
yu'minūna
believe
بِٱللَّهِ
bil-lahi
in Allah
وَلَا
walā
and not
بِٱلْيَوْمِ
bil-yawmi
in the Day
ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ
l-ākhiri
the Last
وَلَا
walā
and not
يُحَرِّمُونَ
yuḥarrimūna
they make unlawful
مَا
mā
what
حَرَّمَ
ḥarrama
Allah has made unlawful
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
Allah has made unlawful
وَرَسُولُهُۥ
warasūluhu
and His Messenger
وَلَا
walā
and not
يَدِينُونَ
yadīnūna
they acknowledge
دِينَ
dīna
(the) religion
ٱلْحَقِّ
l-ḥaqi
(of) the truth
مِنَ
mina
from
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
those who
أُوتُوا۟
ūtū
were given
ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ
l-kitāba
the Scripture
حَتَّىٰ
ḥattā
until
يُعْطُوا۟
yuʿ'ṭū
they pay
ٱلْجِزْيَةَ
l-jiz'yata
the jizyah
عَن
ʿan
willingly
يَدٍۢ
yadin
willingly
وَهُمْ
wahum
while they
صَـٰغِرُونَ
ṣāghirūna
(are) subdued
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
29. 1. After the command for general fighting against the polytheists, in this verse the command is being given to fight the Jews and Christians (if they do not accept Islam), or they should accept living under the authority of Muslims by paying Jizyah. Jizyah is a fixed amount that is taken annually from such non-Muslims who reside in an Islamic state. In return, the Islamic state is responsible for the protection of their lives, wealth, and honor. Although the Jews and Christians believed in Allah and the Last Day, it is said about them that they do not believe in Allah and the Last Day. This clarifies that a person's faith in Allah is not valid until he believes in Allah in the way Allah has explained through His messengers. And it is also clear that their faith in Allah was considered invalid because the Jews and Christians fabricated the belief in the sonship and divinity of Hazrat Uzair and Hazrat Masih (علیہما السلام), as the next verse expresses their belief.
