سُوْرَةُ الْفَتْحِ
Surah Al-Fath (48) — Ayah 26
إِذْ جَعَلَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلْحَمِيَّةَ حَمِيَّةَ ٱلْجَـٰهِلِيَّةِ فَأَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُۥ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ وَعَلَى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَلْزَمَهُمْ كَلِمَةَ ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ وَكَانُوٓا۟ أَحَقَّ بِهَا وَأَهْلَهَا ۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمًا ﴿26﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
When those who disbelieve had put in their hearts pride and haughtiness - the pride and haughtiness of the time of ignorance, - then Allâh sent down His Sakînah (calmness and tranquillity) upon His Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) and upon the believers, and made them stick to the word of piety (i.e. none has the right to be worshipped but Allâh); and they were well entitled to it and worthy of it. And Allâh is the All-Knower of everything.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
إِذْ
idh
When
جَعَلَ
jaʿala
had put
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
those who
كَفَرُوا۟
kafarū
disbelieved
فِى
fī
in
قُلُوبِهِمُ
qulūbihimu
their hearts
ٱلْحَمِيَّةَ
l-ḥamiyata
disdain
حَمِيَّةَ
ḥamiyyata
(the) disdain
ٱلْجَـٰهِلِيَّةِ
l-jāhiliyati
(of the time of) ignorance
فَأَنزَلَ
fa-anzala
Then Allah sent down
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
Then Allah sent down
سَكِينَتَهُۥ
sakīnatahu
His tranquility
عَلَىٰ
ʿalā
upon
رَسُولِهِۦ
rasūlihi
His Messenger
وَعَلَى
waʿalā
and upon
ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
l-mu'minīna
the believers
وَأَلْزَمَهُمْ
wa-alzamahum
and made them adhere
كَلِمَةَ
kalimata
(to the) word
ٱلتَّقْوَىٰ
l-taqwā
(of) righteousness
وَكَانُوٓا۟
wakānū
and they were
أَحَقَّ
aḥaqqa
more deserving
بِهَا
bihā
of it
وَأَهْلَهَا ۚ
wa-ahlahā
and worthy of it
وَكَانَ
wakāna
And is
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
Allah
بِكُلِّ
bikulli
of every
شَىْءٍ
shayin
thing
عَلِيمًۭا
ʿalīman
All-Knower
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
2 6. 1. "اذ" is an adverb of time, either connected to "لعذبتا" or "واذکرو" is omitted, meaning "remember the time when those disbelievers..."
2 6. 2. By the arrogance of ignorance of the disbelievers is meant the people of Makkah preventing the Muslims from entering Makkah. They said, "They have killed our sons and fathers. By Lat and Uzza, we will never let them enter here." That is, they made it a matter of their honor and dignity. This is called the arrogance of ignorance because no one had the right to prevent anyone from coming to the Ka'bah for worship. In response to this hostile attitude of the Quraysh of Makkah, there was a danger that the emotions of the Muslims would also intensify, and they too would make it a matter of their own dignity and insist on going to Makkah, which could have led to a fight between the two, and this fight would have been extremely dangerous for the Muslims. Therefore, Allah sent tranquility into the hearts of the Muslims, meaning He granted them patience and endurance, and they remained at Hudaybiyyah according to the instruction of the Prophet ﷺ. They did not attempt to go to Makkah out of zeal and passion. Some say that by the arrogance of ignorance is meant the attitude of the Quraysh of Makkah which they adopted at the time of the treaty and agreement. This attitude and the agreement were both apparently unbearable for the Muslims, but in terms of outcome, since it contained the best interest of Islam and the Muslims, Allah granted the Muslims the courage to accept it despite extreme dislike and heaviness. Its brief detail is as follows: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted the proposal of the representatives sent by the Quraysh of Makkah that this year the Muslims would not go to Makkah for Umrah and would return from there, then he ﷺ ordered Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to write the agreement. At his command, he wrote "بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم". They objected to this, saying, "We do not know Rahman and Rahim. Write with the words we use, i.e., باسمک اللھم (O Allah, in Your name)." So he had it written as such. Then he dictated, "This is the document upon which Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, has made peace with the people of Makkah." The representatives of the Quraysh said, "The very basis of the dispute is your Prophethood. If we accept you as the Messenger of Allah, then what dispute remains? Then we would have no need to fight you or prevent you from entering the House of Allah. Write Muhammad bin Abdullah instead of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah." So he ﷺ ordered Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to write it as such. This was an extremely provocative situation for the Muslims. If Allah had not sent tranquility upon the Muslims, they would never have tolerated it. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to erase or cut out the words "Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah" with his own hand, so the Noble Prophet ﷺ said, "Where are these words?" After being shown, he himself erased them with his blessed hand and ordered to write "Muhammad bin Abdullah" in their place. After this, three things were written in this agreement or treaty:
1. Whoever from the people of Makkah becomes a Muslim and comes to you, he will be returned.
2. Whoever from the Muslims joins the people of Makkah, they will not be obliged to return him.
3. Muslims will come to Makkah next year and will be able to stay there for three days, but they will not be allowed to bring weapons with them. (Sahih Muslim, Book of Jihad)
And along with this, two more things were written:
1. Fighting will be suspended this year.
2. Any tribe may join either the Muslims or the Quraysh as they wish.
26. 3. By this is meant the testimony of the Oneness of Allah and the Prophethood: لَا اِلٰہَ اِلَّا اللّٰہُ مُحَمَّدُ رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰہِ, from which the polytheists prevented the Muslims on the day of Hudaybiyyah. The dream of the Prophet is also considered revelation. However, in this dream, it was not specified that it would happen that very year, but the Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims, considering it a great glad tiding, immediately prepared for Umrah and made a general announcement and set out. Eventually, the treaty at Hudaybiyyah took place, the details of which have just been mentioned, whereas in Allah's knowledge, the interpretation of this dream was for the following year, as the next year the Muslims performed this Umrah in complete peace, and Allah made the dream of His Prophet come true.
2 6. 2. By the arrogance of ignorance of the disbelievers is meant the people of Makkah preventing the Muslims from entering Makkah. They said, "They have killed our sons and fathers. By Lat and Uzza, we will never let them enter here." That is, they made it a matter of their honor and dignity. This is called the arrogance of ignorance because no one had the right to prevent anyone from coming to the Ka'bah for worship. In response to this hostile attitude of the Quraysh of Makkah, there was a danger that the emotions of the Muslims would also intensify, and they too would make it a matter of their own dignity and insist on going to Makkah, which could have led to a fight between the two, and this fight would have been extremely dangerous for the Muslims. Therefore, Allah sent tranquility into the hearts of the Muslims, meaning He granted them patience and endurance, and they remained at Hudaybiyyah according to the instruction of the Prophet ﷺ. They did not attempt to go to Makkah out of zeal and passion. Some say that by the arrogance of ignorance is meant the attitude of the Quraysh of Makkah which they adopted at the time of the treaty and agreement. This attitude and the agreement were both apparently unbearable for the Muslims, but in terms of outcome, since it contained the best interest of Islam and the Muslims, Allah granted the Muslims the courage to accept it despite extreme dislike and heaviness. Its brief detail is as follows: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted the proposal of the representatives sent by the Quraysh of Makkah that this year the Muslims would not go to Makkah for Umrah and would return from there, then he ﷺ ordered Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to write the agreement. At his command, he wrote "بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم". They objected to this, saying, "We do not know Rahman and Rahim. Write with the words we use, i.e., باسمک اللھم (O Allah, in Your name)." So he had it written as such. Then he dictated, "This is the document upon which Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, has made peace with the people of Makkah." The representatives of the Quraysh said, "The very basis of the dispute is your Prophethood. If we accept you as the Messenger of Allah, then what dispute remains? Then we would have no need to fight you or prevent you from entering the House of Allah. Write Muhammad bin Abdullah instead of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah." So he ﷺ ordered Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) to write it as such. This was an extremely provocative situation for the Muslims. If Allah had not sent tranquility upon the Muslims, they would never have tolerated it. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) refused to erase or cut out the words "Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah" with his own hand, so the Noble Prophet ﷺ said, "Where are these words?" After being shown, he himself erased them with his blessed hand and ordered to write "Muhammad bin Abdullah" in their place. After this, three things were written in this agreement or treaty:
1. Whoever from the people of Makkah becomes a Muslim and comes to you, he will be returned.
2. Whoever from the Muslims joins the people of Makkah, they will not be obliged to return him.
3. Muslims will come to Makkah next year and will be able to stay there for three days, but they will not be allowed to bring weapons with them. (Sahih Muslim, Book of Jihad)
And along with this, two more things were written:
1. Fighting will be suspended this year.
2. Any tribe may join either the Muslims or the Quraysh as they wish.
26. 3. By this is meant the testimony of the Oneness of Allah and the Prophethood: لَا اِلٰہَ اِلَّا اللّٰہُ مُحَمَّدُ رَّسُوْلُ اللّٰہِ, from which the polytheists prevented the Muslims on the day of Hudaybiyyah. The dream of the Prophet is also considered revelation. However, in this dream, it was not specified that it would happen that very year, but the Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims, considering it a great glad tiding, immediately prepared for Umrah and made a general announcement and set out. Eventually, the treaty at Hudaybiyyah took place, the details of which have just been mentioned, whereas in Allah's knowledge, the interpretation of this dream was for the following year, as the next year the Muslims performed this Umrah in complete peace, and Allah made the dream of His Prophet come true.
