سُوْرَةُ الْاَحْزَابِ
Surah Al-Ahzaab (33) — Ayah 50
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِنَّآ أَحْلَلْنَا لَكَ أَزْوَٰجَكَ ٱلَّـٰتِىٓ ءَاتَيْتَ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ يَمِينُكَ مِمَّآ أَفَآءَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَبَنَاتِ عَمِّكَ وَبَنَاتِ عَمَّـٰتِكَ وَبَنَاتِ خَالِكَ وَبَنَاتِ خَـٰلَـٰتِكَ ٱلَّـٰتِى هَاجَرْنَ مَعَكَ وَٱمْرَأَةً مُّؤْمِنَةً إِن وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِىِّ إِنْ أَرَادَ ٱلنَّبِىُّ أَن يَسْتَنكِحَهَا خَالِصَةً لَّكَ مِن دُونِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ۗ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا مَا فَرَضْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِىٓ أَزْوَٰجِهِمْ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَـٰنُهُمْ لِكَيْلَا يَكُونَ عَلَيْكَ حَرَجٌ ۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا ﴿50﴾
Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
O Prophet (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم)! Verily, We have made lawful to you your wives, to whom you have paid their Mahr (bridal-money given by the husband to his wife at the time of marriage), and those (slaves) whom your right hand possesses - whom Allâh has given to you, and the daughters of your ‘Amm (paternal uncles) and the daughters of your ‘Ammât (paternal aunts) and the daughters of your Khâl (maternal uncles) and the daughters of your Khâlât(maternal aunts) who migrated (from Makkah) with you, and a believing woman if she offers herself to the Prophet, and the Prophet wishes to marry her - a privilege for you only, not for the (rest of) the believers. Indeed We know what We have enjoined upon them about their wives and those (slaves) whom their right hands possess, in order that there should be no difficulty on you. And Allâh is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا
yāayyuhā
O Prophet
ٱلنَّبِىُّ
l-nabiyu
O Prophet
إِنَّآ
innā
Indeed, We
أَحْلَلْنَا
aḥlalnā
[We] have made lawful
لَكَ
laka
to you
أَزْوَٰجَكَ
azwājaka
your wives
ٱلَّـٰتِىٓ
allātī
(to) whom
ءَاتَيْتَ
ātayta
you have given
أُجُورَهُنَّ
ujūrahunna
their bridal money
وَمَا
wamā
and whom
مَلَكَتْ
malakat
you rightfully possess
يَمِينُكَ
yamīnuka
you rightfully possess
مِمَّآ
mimmā
from those (whom)
أَفَآءَ
afāa
Allah has given
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
Allah has given
عَلَيْكَ
ʿalayka
to you
وَبَنَاتِ
wabanāti
and (the) daughters
عَمِّكَ
ʿammika
(of) your paternal uncles
وَبَنَاتِ
wabanāti
and (the) daughters
عَمَّـٰتِكَ
ʿammātika
(of) your paternal aunts
وَبَنَاتِ
wabanāti
and (the) daughters
خَالِكَ
khālika
(of) your maternal uncles
وَبَنَاتِ
wabanāti
and (the) daughters
خَـٰلَـٰتِكَ
khālātika
(of) your maternal aunts
ٱلَّـٰتِى
allātī
who
هَاجَرْنَ
hājarna
emigrated
مَعَكَ
maʿaka
with you
وَٱمْرَأَةًۭ
wa-im'ra-atan
and a woman
مُّؤْمِنَةً
mu'minatan
believing
إِن
in
if
وَهَبَتْ
wahabat
she gives
نَفْسَهَا
nafsahā
herself
لِلنَّبِىِّ
lilnnabiyyi
to the Prophet
إِنْ
in
if
أَرَادَ
arāda
wishes
ٱلنَّبِىُّ
l-nabiyu
the Prophet
أَن
an
to
يَسْتَنكِحَهَا
yastankiḥahā
marry her
خَالِصَةًۭ
khāliṣatan
only
لَّكَ
laka
for you
مِن
min
excluding
دُونِ
dūni
excluding
ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ۗ
l-mu'minīna
the believers
قَدْ
qad
Certainly
عَلِمْنَا
ʿalim'nā
We know
مَا
mā
what
فَرَضْنَا
faraḍnā
We have made obligatory
عَلَيْهِمْ
ʿalayhim
upon them
فِىٓ
fī
concerning
أَزْوَٰجِهِمْ
azwājihim
their wives
وَمَا
wamā
and whom
مَلَكَتْ
malakat
they rightfully possess
أَيْمَـٰنُهُمْ
aymānuhum
they rightfully possess
لِكَيْلَا
likaylā
that not
يَكُونَ
yakūna
should be
عَلَيْكَ
ʿalayka
on you
حَرَجٌۭ ۗ
ḥarajun
any discomfort
وَكَانَ
wakāna
And Allah is
ٱللَّهُ
l-lahu
And Allah is
غَفُورًۭا
ghafūran
Oft-Forgiving
رَّحِيمًۭا
raḥīman
Most Merciful
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
50. 1 In some legal rulings, the Prophet ﷺ had distinctions which are called his special characteristics. For example, according to a group of scholars, standing in prayer at night (Tahajjud) was obligatory for you ﷺ, charity was forbidden for you, and some similar characteristics related to marriage are mentioned at this place in the Noble Quran. The women to whom you gave dowry are lawful for you, no matter how many they are in number, and you considered the freedom of Safiyyah ؓ and Juwayriyyah ؓ as their dowry. Apart from them, you paid dowry in cash to all others. Only the dowry of Umm Habibah ؓ was given by Najashi on his own behalf.
50. 2 Thus, Safiyyah ؓ and Juwayriyyah came into your possession, whom you freed and then married, and Rayhana and Maria al-Qibtiyyah ؓ remained with you as slave women.
50. 3 This means that just as you ﷺ migrated, similarly they also migrated from Makkah to Madinah, because no woman had migrated with you.
50. 4 For the Prophet ﷺ, if a woman offers herself, and if you ﷺ wish to marry her, then it is permissible for you ﷺ to keep her in your marriage without dowry.
50. 5 This permission is only for you ﷺ (for other believers, it is necessary that they pay the dowry, then the marriage will be valid).
50. 6 That is, the conditions and rights of the contract which We have made obligatory, for example, no person can have more than four women in his marriage at one time, for marriage a guardian, witnesses, and dowry are necessary. However, as many slave women as one wishes, he can keep. However, nowadays the issue of slave women has ended.
50. 7 This is related to إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنَا, meaning the permission of all the mentioned women for you ﷺ is so that you ﷺ do not feel any hardship and you ﷺ do not consider it a sin to marry any of them.
50. 2 Thus, Safiyyah ؓ and Juwayriyyah came into your possession, whom you freed and then married, and Rayhana and Maria al-Qibtiyyah ؓ remained with you as slave women.
50. 3 This means that just as you ﷺ migrated, similarly they also migrated from Makkah to Madinah, because no woman had migrated with you.
50. 4 For the Prophet ﷺ, if a woman offers herself, and if you ﷺ wish to marry her, then it is permissible for you ﷺ to keep her in your marriage without dowry.
50. 5 This permission is only for you ﷺ (for other believers, it is necessary that they pay the dowry, then the marriage will be valid).
50. 6 That is, the conditions and rights of the contract which We have made obligatory, for example, no person can have more than four women in his marriage at one time, for marriage a guardian, witnesses, and dowry are necessary. However, as many slave women as one wishes, he can keep. However, nowadays the issue of slave women has ended.
50. 7 This is related to إِنَّا أَحْلَلْنَا, meaning the permission of all the mentioned women for you ﷺ is so that you ﷺ do not feel any hardship and you ﷺ do not consider it a sin to marry any of them.
