سُوْرَةُ التَّوْبَةِ

Surah At-Tawba (9) — Ayah 39

The Repentance · Medinan · Juz 10 · Page 193

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إِلَّا تَنفِرُوا۟ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ وَلَا تَضُرُّوهُ شَيْـًٔا ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ﴿39﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

If you march not forth, He will punish you with a painful torment and will replace you by another people; and you cannot harm Him at all, and Allâh is Able to do all things.

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

إِلَّا illā If not
تَنفِرُوا۟ tanfirū you go forth
يُعَذِّبْكُمْ yuʿadhib'kum He will punish you
عَذَابًا ʿadhāban (with) a painful punishment
أَلِيمًۭا alīman (with) a painful punishment
وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ wayastabdil and will replace you
قَوْمًا qawman (with) a people
غَيْرَكُمْ ghayrakum other than you
وَلَا walā and not
تَضُرُّوهُ taḍurrūhu you can harm Him
شَيْـًۭٔا ۗ shayan (in) anything
وَٱللَّهُ wal-lahu And Allah
عَلَىٰ ʿalā (is) on
كُلِّ kulli every
شَىْءٍۢ shayin thing
قَدِيرٌ qadīrun All-Powerful

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah39) {اِلَّا تَنْفِرُوْا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا اَلِيْمًا … :} “Painful punishment” means humiliation and disgrace in the world, subjugation and slavery, and in the Hereafter, the punishment of the Fire, which has no limit. «وَ يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ» That is, do not think that if we do not go out for jihad, Allah’s work will remain incomplete—never! If you do not go out, He will bring other people in your place and grant them the honor of striving to make Islam prevail, and you will not be able to harm Him in the least, because He alone, without your or anyone else’s help, is fully capable of everything.

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

39. 1. News was received about the Christian king of Syria, Heraclius, that he was preparing for battle against the Muslims, so the Prophet ﷺ also ordered preparations for it. This incident took place in Shawwal, 9th year of Hijrah. The weather was extremely hot and the journey was very long. This command was burdensome for some Muslims and hypocrites, which is expressed in this verse, and they were cursed and reproached. This is called the Battle of Tabuk, which in reality did not take place. For 20 days, the Muslims stayed near Tabuk, close to the land of Syria, and then returned. It is called Jaish al-‘Usrah because during this long journey, the army faced many difficulties and hardships. اثاقلْتُمْ means you act lazily and want to stay behind. This was demonstrated by some people, but it was attributed to all (Fath al-Qadeer).

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

39. If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment [42] and will replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all. And Allah is capable of all things.

[42]
Upon the Declaration of Jihad by the Islamic Government, Jihad Becomes an Individual Obligation:

That is, it is Allah’s favor upon you that He has chosen you for the elevation of Islam, otherwise He could have taken this service from other people instead of you, and in case of your refusal, He could have made you be defeated by them and could have punished you Himself as well. From this verse, it is also understood that if the Islamic government makes a general declaration of jihad, then jihad becomes an individual obligation (fard ‘ayn).
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