سُوْرَةُ النَّجْمِ

Surah An-Najm (53) — Ayah 2

The Star · Meccan · Juz 27 · Page 526

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مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَمَا غَوَىٰ ﴿2﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

Your companion (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) has neither gone astray nor has erred.

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

مَا mā Not
ضَلَّ ḍalla has strayed
صَاحِبُكُمْ ṣāḥibukum your companion
وَمَا wamā and not
غَوَىٰ ghawā has he erred

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah 2) ➊ { مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَ مَا غَوٰى :} By “dalalah” (going astray) is meant that a person, due to ignorance, follows the wrong path or considers it to be the right one, and “ghawayat” means that a person knowingly deviates from the straight path. Allah Almighty has sworn that your companion is neither following the wrong path out of ignorance nor has he knowingly deviated from the straight path. Such emphatic negation is made because the polytheists used to say this about him.
➋ {’’ صَاحِبُكُمْ ‘‘} By saying (your companion), attention is drawn to the qualities of truthfulness and trustworthiness of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), which were acknowledged even by the disbelievers, that before prophethood he spent forty years with you and among you, his daily routines and morals and habits are before you. How can a person who has never lied to anyone ever lie about Allah Almighty? See also Surah Yunus (16).

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

2. 1. This is the answer to the oath. By saying صَاحِبِکُمْ (your companion), the truthfulness of the Prophet ﷺ has been made even clearer: before prophethood, he spent forty years with you and among you, all his daily routines are before you, his morals and character are well known to you. Other than honesty and trustworthiness, have you ever seen anything else in his character? Now, after forty years, when he is claiming prophethood, just think, how can he be lying? Thus, the reality is that he has neither gone astray nor erred. ضلالت is the deviation from the path of truth that comes from ignorance and lack of knowledge, and ghawāyat is the crookedness that is adopted knowingly by abandoning the truth. Allah Almighty has declared His Prophet free from both types of misguidance.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

Your companion [2] has neither strayed nor gone astray.

[2] The address is directed towards the disbelievers of Makkah, and the "companion" refers to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, whose character and conduct the disbelievers of Makkah had known since his childhood. By swearing an oath, it is being conveyed that your companion is not in darkness, but is walking on the straight path in the brightness of day. He has neither forgotten the way so as to wander here and there, nor has he deviated from the path.
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