Surah Al-Maaida (5) — Ayah 75

(Ayah75) ➊ {مَا الْمَسِيْحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ اِلَّا رَسُوْلٌ …… :} The Messiah (Jesus), peace be upon him, is nothing but a Messenger, that is, whatever you say—God or the son of God—he is by no means that; he is only a Messenger of Allah. This is called exclusive attribution. In this, there is also a refutation of the Jews who, God forbid, used to commit insolence regarding Mary and the Messiah, peace be upon them both.

➋ {وَ اُمُّهٗ صِدِّيْقَةٌ:} That is, she was elevated to the highest rank of servitude, which is the second level after prophethood, meaning she was extremely truthful and greatly affirmed Allah and His Messengers. See Surah Tahrim (12) and Surah Nisa (69). She was not a prophet, as Ibn Hazm and others think, because prophets have only been from among men. See Yusuf (109), Nahl (43), and Anbiya (7). Abu al-Hasan Ash'ari has reported consensus on this. (Ibn Kathir) That is, Mary, peace be upon her, was by no means God, nor even a prophetess; Yes, she was certainly a Siddiqah (truthful woman).

➌ {كَانَا يَاْكُلٰنِ الطَّعَامَ:} That is, both of them were human beings like ordinary people; they possessed all those human characteristics and needs that are found in other people. The speech of Allah is extremely refined and eloquent. The inevitable result of eating food is the call of nature, but Allah did not use that word; He only said that both of them used to eat food. Now, considering all the things a person needs as a result of eating, how great is the ignorance and injustice to declare such a person as God, His wife, or His son! The one who is himself in need—how can he fulfill the needs of others!?

➍ {اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ نُبَيِّنُ لَهُمُ الْاٰيٰتِ ……:} That is, even after such a clear statement of monotheism and such an explicit refutation of the Trinity, if they persist in their false belief due to their sectarian prejudice, then let them persist; otherwise, they have no rational or textual proof whose weakness has not been made as clear as "two plus two equals four." (Ibn Kathir)

75. 1. The meaning of صِدِّیْقَۃُ is a believing woman and a saintly woman, that is, she was also among those who believed in and affirmed Hazrat Isa (Jesus) عليه السلام. This means that she was not a (prophet), as some people have mistakenly thought, and have declared Hazrat Maryam (Mary) (علیہا السلام), Hazrat Sarah (the mother of Ishaq عليه السلام), and the mother of Musa عليه السلام to be prophets. The Quran has clearly stated that all the messengers We sent were men (Surah Yusuf: 19).

75. 2. This is a negation of the divinity and a proof of the humanity of both Hazrat Isa عليه السلام and Hazrat Maryam (علیہا السلام). Because eating and drinking are among human needs and necessities. Whoever is divine is beyond such things, and even beyond the beyond.

The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a messenger; messengers had passed away before him. And his mother was a woman of truth. They both used to eat food. See how We make the signs clear to them, then see how they are deluded.

[121] In this verse, Allah the Exalted has presented three clear arguments in refutation of the divinity of ‘Isa (peace be upon him), which are as follows:
(1)
Arguments in Refutation of the Divinity of ‘Isa:

‘Isa (peace be upon him) was a Messenger of Allah, not Allah Himself. It is impossible for one and the same being to be both Allah and the Messenger of Allah. Furthermore, many messengers like him had passed before him, which means that he came after those messengers—in other words, he was created and not eternal, whereas the Being of Allah is eternal, pre-existent, everlasting, and beyond the events of time or its changes. Therefore, anything or any being that is created cannot be a god or Allah.

(2)
Four Arguments in Refutation of the Divinity of the Messiah and the Mother of the Messiah:

The second argument is that his mother was righteous. From this, firstly, it is clear that the Jews who accuse her of adultery are liars and slanderers, and secondly, that ‘Isa (peace be upon him) also had a mother who gave birth to him. He was born from her womb; his mother experienced the same labor pains as ordinary women do, and ‘Isa (peace be upon him) was born from his mother’s womb in the same natural and customary way as ordinary humans are born. Therefore, neither ‘Isa (peace be upon him) nor his mother can be divine, because such things are not befitting for Allah.

(3) The third argument is that both of them used to eat food, meaning they were dependent on food to sustain and maintain their lives, and whoever is dependent cannot be a god or Allah, because Allah is free from all kinds of needs. Then, whoever eats food, from within him comes out excrement, urine, and foul air—such waste and impurities that require purification. Furthermore, if this food remains inside a person or causes some other problem, the person becomes ill and distressed until such ailments are treated. Therefore, whoever eats food cannot be Allah or a god. In this respect as well, the belief in the divinity of Sayyiduna ‘Isa and his mother is proven false. Despite these simple and obvious matters, if these people still consider Sayyiduna ‘Isa to be divine, then it can only be said that their intellect has failed them. It should be noted that when the doctrine of the Trinity was formulated, its three pillars, or in the Christian technical language, three hypostases, were the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. But after some time, the Holy Spirit was excluded and Mary was included in its place, so according to the new doctrine of the Trinity, its three hypostases became the Father, the Son, and the Mother.