سُوْرَةُ صٓ

Surah Saad (38) — Ayah 31

The letter Saad · Meccan · Juz 23 · Page 455

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إِذْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ بِٱلْعَشِىِّ ٱلصَّـٰفِنَـٰتُ ٱلْجِيَادُ ﴿31﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

When there were displayed before him, in the afternoon, well trained horses of the highest breed [for Jihâd (holy fighting in Allâh’s Cause)].

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

إِذْ idh When
عُرِضَ ʿuriḍa were displayed
عَلَيْهِ ʿalayhi to him
بِٱلْعَشِىِّ bil-ʿashiyi in the afternoon
ٱلصَّـٰفِنَـٰتُ l-ṣāfinātu excellent bred steeds
ٱلْجِيَادُ l-jiyādu excellent bred steeds

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah31) {اِذْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَشِيِّ الصّٰفِنٰتُ الْجِيَادُ : ’’اَلْعَشِيُّ‘‘} The time from noon until evening, some include the entire night in this as well. {’’ الصّٰفِنٰتُ ‘‘ ’’صَافِنٌ‘‘} is the plural; it refers to a horse that, when standing, places three hooves fully on the ground and the tip of the fourth hoof touches the ground. This quality is generally found in high-breed horses. {’’ الْجِيَادُ ‘‘ ’’جَوَادٌ‘‘} is the plural; swift. Both of these words are used for both male and female horses. Two qualities are mentioned because, while standing, those horses were "safinat" and while running, "jawad" (swift). That is, in the late afternoon, high-breed, swift horses were presented before him for inspection.

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

31. 1. That is, the horses which Prophet Sulaiman (علیہ السلام) had kept for the purpose of jihad, those of excellent breed, swift horses were presented before Prophet Sulaiman (علیہ السلام) for inspection. The time from Zuhr or Asr till the end of the day is what is meant, which is expressed as evening.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

31. When, in the late afternoon, fine, swift horses [39] of noble breed were presented before him,

[39]
The Literal Meaning of ﴿صافنات﴾:

﴿صافنات﴾ is the plural of ﴿صافن﴾, and ﴿صَفَنَ﴾ ﴿الفرس﴾ means a horse standing on three legs in such a way that only the tip of the fourth hoof touches the ground, and by this is meant an alert and agile horse. And ﴿جياد﴾ is the plural of ﴿جَيِّد﴾. And ﴿جاد الفرس﴾ means the horse being light and swift. These are the qualities of those horses which Sayyiduna Sulayman (Solomon) had kept for the purpose of jihad.
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