سُوْرَةُ صٓ

Surah Saad (38) — Ayah 26

The letter Saad · Meccan · Juz 23 · Page 454

يَـٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَـٰكَ خَلِيفَةً فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلْهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌۢ بِمَا نَسُوا۟ يَوْمَ ٱلْحِسَابِ ﴿26﴾
O Dâwûd (David)! Verily! We have placed you as a successor on the earth; so judge you between men in truth (and justice) and follow not your desire - for it will mislead you from the Path of Allâh. Verily, those who wander astray from the Path of Allâh (shall) have a severe torment, because they forgot the Day of Reckoning.
يَـٰدَاوُۥدُ yādāwūdu O Dawood
إِنَّا innā Indeed, We
جَعَلْنَـٰكَ jaʿalnāka [We] have made you
خَلِيفَةًۭ khalīfatan a vicegerent
فِى in
ٱلْأَرْضِ l-arḍi the earth
فَٱحْكُم fa-uḥ'kum so judge
بَيْنَ bayna between
ٱلنَّاسِ l-nāsi [the] men
بِٱلْحَقِّ bil-ḥaqi in truth
وَلَا walā and (do) not
تَتَّبِعِ tattabiʿi follow
ٱلْهَوَىٰ l-hawā the desire
فَيُضِلَّكَ fayuḍillaka for it will lead you astray
عَن ʿan from
سَبِيلِ sabīli (the) way
ٱللَّهِ ۚ l-lahi (of) Allah
إِنَّ inna Indeed
ٱلَّذِينَ alladhīna those who
يَضِلُّونَ yaḍillūna go astray
عَن ʿan from
سَبِيلِ sabīli (the) way
ٱللَّهِ l-lahi (of) Allah
لَهُمْ lahum for them
عَذَابٌۭ ʿadhābun (is) a punishment
شَدِيدٌۢ shadīdun severe
بِمَا bimā because
نَسُوا۟ nasū they forgot
يَوْمَ yawma (the) Day
ٱلْحِسَابِ l-ḥisābi (of) Account

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah 26) ➊ {يٰدَاوٗدُ اِنَّا جَعَلْنٰكَ خَلِيْفَةً فِي الْاَرْضِ … :} Here the word {’’قُلْنَا‘‘} (We said) is omitted, meaning We said: O Dawud! Your status is much higher than other people; you are a caliph and they are subjects, you are a ruler and they are ruled. Therefore, judge between people with justice and do not let your own or anyone else's desire interfere in it, because this is what leads one astray from the path of Allah.

{ اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يَضِلُّوْنَ عَنْ سَبِيْلِ اللّٰهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيْدٌۢ … :} That is, a person goes astray only when he follows his own or someone else's desires, and he does this only when he does not remember the Day of Reckoning. If the concept of accountability before Allah remains before his eyes, then a person does not care for his own or anyone else's desires, and whoever forgets the Day of Reckoning will follow every lawful and unlawful desire and will live life like an unbridled camel. The result of which he will have to bear in the form of severe punishment.

➌ Some people have inferred from Allah Almighty's address to Dawud (peace be upon him) {’’ وَ لَا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوٰى ‘‘} (do not follow desire) that Dawud (peace be upon him) had followed some desire, so this command was given. Whereas, even our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was forbidden from following desires, so did he (peace and blessings be upon him) also follow any desire? Forbidding someone from an act does not mean that the addressee has done or is doing that act, but the command is also given to emphasize caution for the future, as when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was addressed: « وَ اَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَاۤ اَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ وَ لَا تَتَّبِعْ اَهْوَآءَهُمْ » [ المائدۃ : ۴۹ ] "And judge between them by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their desires." Similarly, Allah Almighty addressed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): « اَلْحَقُّ مِنْ رَّبِّكَ فَلَا تَكُوْنَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِيْنَ » [ البقرۃ : ۱۴۷ ] "This is the truth from your Lord, so do not be among those who doubt." And He said: «فَلَا تَكُوْنَنَّ مِنَ الْجٰهِلِيْنَ » [ الأنعام : ۳۵ ] "So do not be among the ignorant." In Surah Al-Qasas it is said: « فَلَا تَكُوْنَنَّ ظَهِيْرًا لِّلْكٰفِرِيْنَ» [ القصص : ۸۶ ] "So never be a helper to the disbelievers." And in the next verse: « وَ لَا تَكُوْنَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ » [ القصص : ۸۷ ] "And never be among the polytheists." So should it be understood from these verses that (God forbid) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was forbidden from these acts because he was doing all this?

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

The exegesis of this verse has been done along with the previous verse.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

26. (We said to him) O Dawud! We have made you a vicegerent on earth, so judge between people with justice and do not follow your own desires [33], lest they lead you astray from the path of Allah. Surely, those who go astray from the path of Allah will have a severe punishment, because they forgot the Day of Reckoning [34].

[33] That is, your status is much higher than that of ordinary people because, as Our deputy, you judge among the people. Therefore, there should not be even a trace of personal desire in any of your matters or decisions, because this is the very thing that leads one astray from the path of Allah.
[34] That is, a person goes astray when he follows his own desires, and he follows his desires when he forgets the Day of Allah’s reckoning. If the concept of accountability before Allah remains before one’s eyes, then a person does not care about his own desires at all. And whoever forgets the Day of Reckoning will inevitably live his life like an unbridled camel, the inevitable result of which he will have to face in the form of severe punishment.