Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
And if Allâh were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving (living) creature on the surface of the earth; but He gives them respite to an appointed term: and when their term comes, then verily, Allâh is Ever All-Seer of His slaves.
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
وَلَوْwalawAnd if
يُؤَاخِذُyuākhidhuAllah (were to) punish
ٱللَّهُl-lahuAllah (were to) punish
ٱلنَّاسَl-nāsathe people
بِمَاbimāfor what
كَسَبُوا۟kasabūthey have earned
مَاmānot
تَرَكَtarakaHe would leave
عَلَىٰʿalāon
ظَهْرِهَاẓahrihāits back
مِنminany
دَآبَّةٍۢdābbatincreature
وَلَـٰكِنwalākinBut
يُؤَخِّرُهُمْyu-akhiruhumHe gives them respite
إِلَىٰٓilātill
أَجَلٍۢajalina term
مُّسَمًّۭى ۖmusammanappointed
فَإِذَاfa-idhāAnd when
جَآءَjāacomes
أَجَلُهُمْajaluhumtheir term
فَإِنَّfa-innathen indeed
ٱللَّهَl-lahaAllah
كَانَkānais
بِعِبَادِهِۦbiʿibādihiof His slaves
بَصِيرًۢاbaṣīranAll-Seer
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 45) ➊ {وَلَوْيُؤَاخِذُاللّٰهُالنَّاسَبِمَاكَسَبُوْا … :} For its explanation, see the commentary of Surah An-Nahl, Ayah (61). ➋ { فَاِذَاجَآءَاَجَلُهُمْفَاِنَّاللّٰهَكَانَبِعِبَادِهٖبَصِيْرًا :} That is, when their appointed time comes, Allah has always been All-Seeing of His servants; He knows very well where each one is. Therefore, at that time, no one will be able to hide from Him, nor escape His grasp. Then, nothing about anyone will be hidden from Him; He will give everyone the exact recompense for their good or bad deeds.
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
45. 1 If He were to destroy all the people for their sins, and the animals because of the misfortune brought by humans, or it means that He would destroy all the inhabitants of the earth, both humans and the animals and sustenance they possess, or it means that He would cut off the sequence of rains from the sky, due to which all creatures that move upon the earth would perish. 45. 1 This appointed term can be in this world as well, and the Day of Resurrection is certain anyway. 45. 3 That is, on that day He will take account of them and give every person the full recompense for their deeds: reward and recompense for the people of faith and obedience, and reproach and punishment for the people of disbelief and disobedience. In this, there is comfort for the believers and a warning for the disbelievers.
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
45. And if Allah were to punish people for what they have earned, He would not leave a single living creature [52] on the surface of the earth. But He gives them respite for an appointed term. Then, when their term comes, surely Allah is ever watchful over His servants (and will deal with them accordingly).
[52] The World is the Abode of Action, Not the Abode of Recompense. Otherwise, No Living Creature Would Remain Alive on Earth:
Other than humans and jinn, no other living creature is obligated by the Shariah, nor can it be disobedient to Allah, nor is it possible for it to be so. The real criminal is the human being. However, due to his punishment, other innocent creatures also suffer, just as the weevil is ground along with the wheat. For example, if Allah Almighty withholds rain as a consequence of the crimes of humans, then other living creatures also, due to the scarcity of water, suffer and die in agony. Similarly, if a flood or an earthquake occurs, the living beings in the affected area are also impacted and die. Only Allah knows what wisdom lies in not immediately seizing the criminal humans and granting them respite. It is possible that, due to the cries of those voiceless animals, He does not send punishment upon the criminals. In any case, this respite is only until an appointed time. Individually, this respite is until the time of each person's death. Collectively, it is until the time of Allah's punishment upon a nation or the Day of Judgment. After this appointed time comes the time of reckoning. No criminal will be able to hide from it nor escape it. And this reckoning will be based on truth and justice, because He Himself is watching every single deed and every single movement of His servants.