Surah Al-Furqaan (25) — Ayah 33

The meaning of (Ayah 33){ وَ لَا يَاْتُوْنَكَ بِمَثَلٍ … : ’’مَثَلٌ‘‘ } is also something similar to another thing, a proverb or saying, and also an attribute of something, as He said: «{ مَثَلُ الْجَنَّةِ الَّتِيْ وُعِدَ الْمُتَّقُوْنَ }» [ الرعد : ۳۵ ] “The description of the Paradise which the righteous have been promised.” (Raghib) From the beginning of the Surah, Allah Almighty has mentioned five objections of the disbelievers and has given crushing answers to all of them. In the end, as a summary, He said that the doubts, suspicions, and criticisms that these people have raised, or will raise until the Day of Judgment, We have given and will continue to give such answers to all of them that are entirely true and very clear, not false or unclear like their statements. By {’’ مَثَلٌ‘‘} is meant those questions, demands, and objections which they presented to you, and by {’’اَلْحَقُّ‘‘} is meant the removal of doubt and the answer to the question. (Shawkani) See, their first objection was: «{ وَ قَالَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْۤا اِنْ هٰذَاۤ اِلَّاۤ اِفْكٌ افْتَرٰىهُ وَ اَعَانَهٗ عَلَيْهِ قَوْمٌ اٰخَرُوْنَ }» [ الفرقان : ۴ ] and in this context was: { وَ قَالُوْۤا اَسَاطِيْرُ الْاَوَّلِيْنَ اكْتَتَبَهَا فَهِيَ تُمْلٰى عَلَيْهِ بُكْرَةً وَّ اَصِيْلًا } [ الفرقان : ۵ ] The second objection was: «{ وَ قَالُوْا مَالِ هٰذَا الرَّسُوْلِ يَاْكُلُ الطَّعَامَ وَ يَمْشِيْ فِي الْاَسْوَاقِ لَوْ لَاۤ اُنْزِلَ اِلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ فَيَكُوْنَ مَعَهٗ نَذِيْرًا (7) اَوْ يُلْقٰۤى اِلَيْهِ كَنْزٌ اَوْ تَكُوْنُ لَهٗ جَنَّةٌ يَّاْكُلُ مِنْهَا }» [الفرقان : ۷، ۸ ] The third objection was: «{ وَ قَالَ الظّٰلِمُوْنَ اِنْ تَتَّبِعُوْنَ اِلَّا رَجُلًا مَّسْحُوْرًا }» [ الفرقان: ۸ ] The fourth objection was: «{ وَ قَالَ الَّذِيْنَ لَا يَرْجُوْنَ لِقَآءَنَا لَوْ لَاۤ اُنْزِلَ عَلَيْنَا الْمَلٰٓىِٕكَةُ اَوْ نَرٰى رَبَّنَا }» [ الفرقان : ۲۱ ] And the fifth objection was: «{ وَ قَالَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا لَوْ لَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْاٰنُ جُمْلَةً وَّاحِدَةً }» [ الفرقان : ۳۲ ] The reason for calling these objections “examples” is that Allah Almighty, after mentioning their third objection {’’ وَ قَالَ الظّٰلِمُوْنَ اِنْ تَتَّبِعُوْنَ اِلَّا رَجُلًا مَّسْحُوْرًا ‘‘}, said: «{ اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ ضَرَبُوْا لَكَ الْاَمْثَالَ فَضَلُّوْا فَلَا يَسْتَطِيْعُوْنَ سَبِيْلًا }» [الفرقان : ۹ ] “See how they set forth examples for you, so they have gone astray, and they cannot find a way.” (Ibn Ashur)

33-1 The wisdom and reason for the gradual revelation of the Qur'an is being explained here: whenever the polytheists present any example, objection, or doubt, We will present its answer or clarification through the Qur'an, and thus they will not get the opportunity to mislead people.

33. And whenever they bring you an argument, We bring you the truth and the best explanation [44].

[44]
The Benefits of the Gradual Revelation of the Quran:

The disbelievers raised this objection multiple times, and at various places the Quran has answered this objection. At this point, three benefits of the gradual revelation of the Quran have been mentioned.
1. The battle between truth and falsehood that arises due to the Prophet’s call, and the way falsehood attacks truth all at once, is not a matter of just one or two days, but encompasses the entire life of the Prophet. And whenever circumstances become discouraging for the Muslims, there arises a need to console and encourage them, and no matter how much encouragement is given at once, it cannot provide the benefit that comes from continuous and repeated encouragement.
2. Memorizing the Quran, understanding it, and acting upon it to bring about a complete change in one’s way of life was only possible if the Noble Quran was revealed gradually. The benefit of the gradual revelation of the Quran was that every believer knew the context of revelation of a particular verse or surah and the background in which it was revealed. Furthermore, if anyone misinterpreted any verse or meaning of the Quran, the Quran would be revealed alongside to refute that meaning and present the correct interpretation. In addition, if all the commands for eradicating evils from society—such as drinking, looting, murder and bloodshed, indecency, adultery, and usury—had been revealed at once, it would have been very difficult to act upon them, and people would have altogether abandoned faith in the Prophet and obedience to him.
3. The third benefit, which is mentioned in the next verse, is that the objections the disbelievers raise against you or the demands they make from you ﷺ, We provide clear and reasoned answers to those objections alongside them. Now, what sense would it make for the objections to come later, but their answers to be revealed all at once beforehand? And even if We did so, these people would start raising various objections to those answers.