Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
The adulterer-fornicator marries not but an adulteress-fornicatress or a Mushrikah, and the adulteress-fornicatress none marries her except an adulterer-fornicator or a Muskrik [and that means that the man who agrees to marry (have a sexual relation with) a Mushrikah (female polytheist, pagan or idolatress) or a prostitute, then surely he is either an adulterer-fornicator, or a Mushrik (polytheist, pagan or idolater). And the woman who agrees to marry (have a sexual relation with) a Mushrik (polytheist, pagan or idolater) or an adulterer-fornicator, then she is either a prostitute or a Mushrikah (female polytheist, pagan, or idolatress)]. Such a thing is forbidden to the believers (of Islâmic Monotheism).
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
ٱلزَّانِىal-zānīThe fornicator
لَاlā(will) not
يَنكِحُyankiḥumarry
إِلَّاillāexcept
زَانِيَةًzāniyatana fornicatress
أَوْawor
مُشْرِكَةًۭmush'rikatana polytheist woman
وَٱلزَّانِيَةُwal-zāniyatuand the fornicatress
لَاlā(will) not
يَنكِحُهَآyankiḥuhāmarry her
إِلَّاillāexcept
زَانٍzānina fornicator
أَوْawor
مُشْرِكٌۭ ۚmush'rikuna polytheist man
وَحُرِّمَwaḥurrimaAnd is forbidden
ذَٰلِكَdhālikathat
عَلَىʿalāto
ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَl-mu'minīnathe believers
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 3) ➊ { اَلزَّانِيْلَايَنْكِحُاِلَّازَانِيَةًاَوْمُشْرِكَةً :} Here is a question that many adulterous men marry chaste and pure women, and many adulterous women are married by chaste and pure men, so what does this verse mean? Some commentators have answered this question by saying that here, marriage does not mean the well-known marriage, but rather it is in the sense of intercourse, and the purpose is to express the abhorrence and vileness of adultery. The meaning is that an adulterous man will fulfill his unlawful desire only with an adulteress who is as wicked as he is, or with a polytheist woman who does not consider adultery forbidden. Similarly, the unlawful desire of an adulteress will only be fulfilled by a man who is as wicked as she is, or by a polytheist who does not consider adultery forbidden, and doing so, i.e., committing adultery, has been made forbidden for the believers. Tabari has narrated this interpretation from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) with a sound chain and has considered it the preferred view. According to this interpretation, the verse refers to the prohibition of adultery, not the prohibition of marriage.
Some commentators have said that the meaning of the verse is that a sinful and immoral person, whose habit is adultery and immorality, does not desire to marry righteous women; he only desires to marry a wicked, sinful, and immoral woman like himself, or a polytheist woman like himself. Similarly, righteous men do not desire to marry openly immoral and sinful women; rather, only immoral men like themselves desire them. According to these commentators, this ruling is about most people, as it is said that only a pious person does good deeds, although sometimes a person who is not pious also does good. Similarly, sometimes an adulterer marries a chaste and believing woman, and sometimes a chaste and believing man marries an adulteress. There is a similarity between the polytheist man and woman and the adulterous man and woman in that just as the polytheist man and woman leave their Master and bow at the doors of others, so too the adulterous man leaves his wife and the adulteress leaves her husband to disgrace themselves with others.
➋ Some have considered the reference of { وَحُرِّمَذٰلِكَعَلَىالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ:’’ ذٰلِكَ ‘‘} to be towards adultery, as mentioned above, but the more correct view is that this refers to the marriage contract. That is, knowing that a certain woman is immoral and unrepentant, marrying her is forbidden for believing men. Similarly, giving one's chaste daughter in marriage to an immoral person who is not repentant is forbidden for the believers. Allah Almighty said: «اَلْخَبِيْثٰتُلِلْخَبِيْثِيْنَ۠وَالْخَبِيْثُوْنَلِلْخَبِيْثٰتِوَالطَّيِّبٰتُلِلطَّيِّبِيْنَوَالطَّيِّبُوْنَلِلطَّيِّبٰتِ »[ النور : ۲۶ ] "Impure women are for impure men, and impure men are for impure women, and pure women are for pure men, and pure men are for pure women." Allah Almighty has also, in another place, set the condition for both men and women to be chaste and not immoral for marriage, as He said: « اَلْيَوْمَاُحِلَّلَكُمُالطَّيِّبٰتُوَطَعَامُالَّذِيْنَاُوْتُواالْكِتٰبَحِلٌّلَّكُمْوَطَعَامُكُمْحِلٌّلَّهُمْوَالْمُحْصَنٰتُمِنَالْمُؤْمِنٰتِوَالْمُحْصَنٰتُمِنَالَّذِيْنَاُوْتُواالْكِتٰبَمِنْقَبْلِكُمْاِذَاۤاٰتَيْتُمُوْهُنَّاُجُوْرَهُنَّمُحْصِنِيْنَغَيْرَمُسٰفِحِيْنَوَلَامُتَّخِذِيْۤاَخْدَانٍ»[ المائدۃ : ۵ ] "Today, good things have been made lawful for you, and the food of those who were given the Book is lawful for you, and your food is lawful for them, and chaste women from among the believing women and chaste women from among those who were given the Book before you, when you give them their dowries, being chaste, not fornicators, nor those who take secret lovers." The hadith narrated regarding the reason for the revelation of {’’ وَحُرِّمَذٰلِكَعَلَىالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ ‘‘} also proves that marrying immoral women or immoral men who are not repentant is forbidden. Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that a man called Marthad bin Abi Marthad (may Allah be pleased with them) used to bring prisoners from Mecca to Medina, and there was an immoral woman in Mecca called Anaq, who was his friend. Marthad bin Abi Marthad had promised a prisoner in Mecca that he would take him away. He says: I came to Mecca, and I was in the shadow of a wall in Mecca on a moonlit night when Anaq came. She saw the outline of my shadow along the wall. When she reached me, she recognized me. She said: "Marthad, is that you?" I said: "I am Marthad." She said: "Welcome, come spend the night with us." I said: "Anaq! Allah has forbidden adultery." She called out: "O people of the tents! This is the man who takes away your men." So eight men started following me, and I began to walk on (the mountain of) Khindamah in Mecca until I reached a cave and entered it. They came until they stood over my head and urinated, and their urine fell on my head, but Allah blinded them from me. Then they went back, and I returned to my companion and took him. He was heavy, until I brought him to "Idhkhir" (i.e., outside Mecca where there was idhkhir grass), untied his heavy fetter, and carried him in such a way that I would lift him and he would tire me, until I reached Medina. Then I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "O Messenger of Allah! May I marry Anaq?" I said this twice, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) remained silent and did not answer me, until this verse was revealed: « اَلزَّانِيْلَايَنْكِحُاِلَّازَانِيَةًاَوْمُشْرِكَةًوَّالزَّانِيَةُلَايَنْكِحُهَاۤاِلَّازَانٍاَوْمُشْرِكٌوَحُرِّمَذٰلِكَعَلَىالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ »[ النور : ۳ ] Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Marthad! An adulterer does not marry except an adulteress or a polytheist woman, and an adulteress or a polytheist woman is not married except by an adulterer or a polytheist man, so do not marry her (Anaq)." [ ترمذي، تفسیر القرآن، باب و من سورۃ النور : ۳۱۷۷۔ نسائي : ۳۲۳۰۔ أبوداوٗد : ۲۰۵۱۔ مستدرک حاکم : 166/2، ح : ۲۷۰۱، و قال الألباني حسن الأسناد ]
Ibn Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Regarding marriage with an adulteress, Allah Almighty has explicitly stated in Surah An-Nur that it is forbidden, and said that whoever marries her is either an adulterer or a polytheist, because either he will accept the obligation of Allah's command and believe in its obligation, or he will not. If he does not believe in its obligation, then he is a polytheist, and if he accepts its obligation and believes in it, then violates it, he is an adulterer. Then Allah explicitly stated its prohibition, that marriage with an adulterer or polytheist is forbidden for the believers." According to this verse, Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (may Allah have mercy on him) considers the marriage of a chaste man with an unrepentant adulteress and the marriage of a chaste woman with an unrepentant adulterer to be forbidden. Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him), in his commentary on Surah An-Nur, has supported this view and strongly refuted those who consider such a marriage permissible.
➌ If a man commits adultery and then repents, his marriage with a chaste woman is permissible. Similarly, if an adulteress repents, then marriage with a chaste believing man is permissible, just as if a polytheist man or woman repents from polytheism and becomes Muslim, marriage with them is permissible. The evidence for this is Surah Al-Furqan, verse (70), and many other verses. Ibn Abi Hatim has narrated with his chain that a man asked Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them): I used to go to a woman and commit that act with her which Allah has forbidden for me, then Allah granted me the ability to repent from it. Now I intend to marry her, but some people have said: {’’ إِنَّالزَّانِيْلَايَنْكِحُإِلَّازَانِيَةًأَوْمُشْرِكَةً ‘‘} "An adulterer does not marry except an adulteress or a polytheist woman." So Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) said: "This verse is not about this; you may marry her, and whatever sin there is, let it be upon me." (Ibn Kathir, Dr. Hikmat bin Basheer has graded its chain as Hasan)
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
3-1. There is a difference of opinion among the commentators regarding its meaning.
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
3. The adulterer shall not marry except an adulteress or a polytheist woman, and the adulteress shall not be married except by an adulterer or a polytheist man. And this has been forbidden [6] to the believers.
[6] From this verse, it becomes clear that the punishment of one hundred lashes is only for unmarried men and women. As has already been explained at the beginning of footnote number 3 of this surah, also see the following hadith in the explanation of this verse.
It is Forbidden to Marry a Man or Woman Known for Lewdness:
Amr bin Shu'aib's grandfather said that a man named Mirthad bin Abi Mirthad (Ghanawi) used to take prisoners from Makkah to Madinah. There was a prostitute in Makkah whose name was 'Anaq, and she was Mirthad's friend (before he embraced Islam). Mirthad had promised one of the prisoners in Makkah that he would take him (to Madinah). Mirthad says: I came to Makkah on a moonlit night, hiding in the shadows of the walls. 'Anaq came and saw my shadow moving along the wall. When she came near me, she recognized me and asked, "Is it Mirthad?" I said, "Yes, I am Mirthad." She said, "Welcome! Come and spend this night with us." I said, "'Anaq! Allah has made adultery unlawful." She cried out, "O people of the tent! This is the man who takes away your prisoners." So eight men started following me. I began to walk on the Khundamah road and hid in a cave. They came and stood over my head. They urinated, and it fell on my head. However, Allah blinded them from seeing me. Then they left, and I went back to my companion (the prisoner) in Makkah and picked him up. He was a heavy man. I carried him to the place of Idkhar. Then I untied his bonds and carried him on my back. He tired me out until I reached Madinah. I presented myself before the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! May I marry 'Anaq?" The Prophet ﷺ remained silent and gave me no answer, until this verse was revealed. Then the Prophet ﷺ said to me, "Do not marry that woman." [ترمذي۔ كتاب التفسير]
However, if a woman or man who has committed adultery repents before Allah and completely changes their way of life in the future, then it is permissible to marry such people. In this verse, the general Muslims are instructed that those who are known for lewdness should not be made relatives. Neither should a girl be given in marriage to them, nor should one be taken from them. ﴿حُرِّمَذٰلِكَ﴾ also has two meanings. One is that the act of adultery has been made unlawful for the believers, and this is supported by the hadith narrated from Ibn Abbas ؓ that the Prophet ﷺ said: When an adulterer commits adultery, at that moment he is not a believer. [بخاري۔ كتاب المحاربين۔ باب اثم الزناه]
And the second meaning is that for pure and chaste Muslims, it has been declared unlawful to marry immoral people.