Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali
[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "What about the generations of old?"
Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning
قَالَqālaHe said
فَمَاfamāThen what
بَالُbālu(is the) case
ٱلْقُرُونِl-qurūni(of) the generations
ٱلْأُولَىٰl-ūlā(of) the former
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi
Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
(Ayah 51){ قَالَفَمَابَالُالْقُرُوْنِالْاُوْلٰى:} There can be three reasons for asking this question, and the answer of Musa (peace be upon him) contains the solution to all of them. The first reason, in the words of Shah Abdul Qadir (may Allah have mercy on him), is: "Perhaps Pharaoh had an atheistic mindset. He considered the birth of humans to be like the vegetation of the rainy season—no one created it in the beginning, it just came into existence by itself, and in the end, it did not remain, but withered and turned to dust. When he heard that there is a Lord over everyone, he then asked, 'Where did the previous creation go?' It was explained that their account is written and present, that every single person will be brought forth again." (Mowdih) The second reason for his asking what happened to the people of earlier times could be that he wanted to have it said that those who, for hundreds of years, generation after generation, considered others as their Lord and worshipped them, were all misguided and deserving of punishment. His purpose was that when Musa (peace be upon him) would declare them misguided and deserving of punishment, then the emotions of all the people would be inflamed against him, and they would become averse to his message. The people of falsehood have always used this tactic to incite the ignorant against the people of truth, and even today they consider it an effective weapon. In the light of the verses (23 to 29) of Surah Ash-Shu'ara, this meaning appears most clear. Musa (peace be upon him) entrusted this matter to the knowledge of Allah, thus Pharaoh's attack was rendered ineffective.
The third reason is that Pharaoh wanted to make it believed that messengers are supposed to be knowers of the unseen; if you are truly a messenger, then first tell us what happened to the people of earlier times, inform us of their condition. The purpose was that when he would not be able to tell, they would say, "What kind of messenger is this who does not even know the conditions of the people of earlier times?" The answer given was that knowing this is not the responsibility of the messengers, rather this is the work of the Lord, the Exalted.
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf
Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
51. 1. Pharaoh diverted the topic by asking this question, meaning what will happen to the previous people who passed away worshipping others besides Allah?
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani
Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.
51. Pharaoh said, "Then what about the former generations [33]?"
[33] Pharaoh’s Second Question: What is the State of the Previous Nations?
After being left speechless from this angle, Pharaoh asked a second question, which was based on his extreme malice. Through this, he wanted to incite all his subjects against these messengers and create religious prejudice among them. His question was: If the situation is such that those who accept the message of monotheism and prophethood that you have brought will have peace and security, and those who do not believe in this message will receive a painful punishment, then tell me, what is the state of our forefathers who have already passed away?