سُوْرَةُ البَقَرَةِ

Surah Al-Baqara (2) — Ayah 31

The Cow · Medinan · Juz 1 · Page 6

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اُردوEn
وَعَلَّمَ ءَادَمَ ٱلْأَسْمَآءَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ فَقَالَ أَنۢبِـُٔونِى بِأَسْمَآءِ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰدِقِينَ ﴿31﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

And He taught Adam all the names (of everything), then He showed them to the angels and said, "Tell Me the names of these if you are truthful."

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

وَعَلَّمَ waʿallama And He taught
ءَادَمَ ādama Adam
ٱلْأَسْمَآءَ l-asmāa the names
كُلَّهَا kullahā all of them
ثُمَّ thumma Then
عَرَضَهُمْ ʿaraḍahum He displayed them
عَلَى ʿalā to
ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ l-malāikati the angels
فَقَالَ faqāla then He said
أَنۢبِـُٔونِى anbiūnī Inform Me
بِأَسْمَآءِ bi-asmāi of (the) names
هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ hāulāi (of) these
إِن in if
كُنتُمْ kuntum you are
صَـٰدِقِينَ ṣādiqīna truthful

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah 31 to 33) ➊ When assigning responsibility for a workshop, it is considered who has knowledge of its tools; obviously, only the one who at least knows their names can use them. Allah Almighty taught Adam (peace be upon him) the names of the things of the earth and made it clear to the angels that for the vicegerency of the earth, mere glorification and sanctification are not sufficient, but knowledge of the names is also necessary, which has been granted to Adam, not to the angels. As for why this knowledge was not given to the angels and why they were not entrusted with the vicegerency of the earth, its wisdom is best known to Allah Almighty. He said: « اِنِّيْۤ اَعْلَمُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُوْنَ » "Indeed, I know what you do not know."

➋ From this, it is understood that the knowledge of the angels is partial, and despite being close (to Allah), they do not possess knowledge of the unseen. No one knows the unseen except Allah. [ النمل : ۶۵ ] Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Whoever tells you that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) knew the unseen, then without doubt he has lied, for Allah Almighty says that no one knows the unseen except Him." [ بخاری، التوحید، باب «عالم الغیب فلا یظہر علی غیبہ أحدًا …» : ۷۳۸۰ ]

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

The exegesis of this verse has been done along with the previous verse.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

31. (Then) Allah taught Adam the names of all things (their names, attributes, or properties) [43]. Then He presented them before the angels and said, "Tell Me the names of these, if you are truthful."

[43]
The Essential Condition for Caliphate:

The additional thing that was bestowed upon man, which the angels did not possess, was the knowledge of the names of the things of the earth, their properties, the ability and capacity to reach unknown matters (research or deduction) through the knowledge of these properties. This ability was extremely necessary for the establishment of the system of caliphate on earth, which the angels did not have.
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