سُوْرَةُ الْحِجْرِ

Surah Al-Hijr (15) — Ayah 78

The Rock · Meccan · Juz 14 · Page 266

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وَإِن كَانَ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْأَيْكَةِ لَظَـٰلِمِينَ ﴿78﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

And the Dwellers in the Wood [i.e. the people of Madyan (Midian) to whom Prophet Shu‘aib (عليه السلام) was sent by Allâh), were also Zâlimûn (polytheists and wrong-doers).

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

وَإِن wa-in And were
كَانَ kāna And were
أَصْحَـٰبُ aṣḥābu (the) companions
ٱلْأَيْكَةِ l-aykati (of) the wood
لَظَـٰلِمِينَ laẓālimīna surely wrongdoers

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah78) ➊ {وَ اِنْ كَانَ اَصْحٰبُ الْاَيْكَةِ … :} This {’’ اِنْ ‘‘} was originally {’’إِنَّ ‘‘}, its pronoun is a pronoun of state with {’’هٗ‘‘} omitted, its evidence and reason is the "lam" that has come on { ’’ظَالِمِيْنَ‘‘}, which is the predicate of {’’ كَانَ ‘‘}. {’’اَلْأَيْكُ‘‘} is a generic noun, meaning clusters of trees, whether many or one, just as {’’ تَمْرٌ ‘‘} is a generic noun. The "taa" is for expressing singularity, so the meaning of {’’ الْاَيْكَةِ ‘‘} is one cluster, just as {’’تَمَرْةٌ‘‘} is one date.

➋ Many scholars say that the people of Madyan and the people of the thicket were the same tribe, and several commentators consider them as separate nations. Their wrongdoing was that they were involved in polytheism, used to cheat in weights and measures, and would rob travelers on the road. Shu'ayb (peace be upon him) was sent to both of them so that they would refrain from all these forms of wrongdoing. The details of the people of Madyan are in Surah Hud (84 to 95) and the details of the people of the thicket are in Surah Ash-Shu'ara (176 to 191). According to some, the people of Madyan were the city dwellers of this nation and the people of the thicket were those among them who lived outside in the forest.

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

78. 1. أیکَہ refers to a dense tree. There must have been dense trees in this town. That is why they were called (اَصْحٰبُ الْاَيْكَةِ) 15. Al-Hijr:78) (people of the forest or jungle). By this is meant the people of Shu‘ayb, and their era was after Prophet Lut (peace be upon him), and their region was near the settlements of the people of Lut, between Hijaz and Syria. It is called Madyan, which was the name of the son or grandson of Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him), and the town was named after him. Their wrongdoing was that they associated partners with Allah, highway robbery was their habit, and giving short measure and weight was their practice. When the punishment came upon them, a cloud cast its shadow over them, then a blast and an earthquake together destroyed them.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

78. And indeed, the people of the Wood [40] were also wrongdoers.

[40]
Who Were the People of the Thicket (Ashab al-Aykah)?

That is, the dwellers of the forest; meaning, a people who lived near a cluster of trees, and they were near Madyan. Shu‘ayb ؑ was also sent to them. Some people say that the People of Madyan and the People of the Thicket were two separate nations, while according to others, they were the same nation. Their crimes, besides polytheism, included dishonesty in trade and giving less in measure and weight. Their story has already been mentioned in detail in Surah al-A‘raf, verse 85.
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