سُوْرَةُ هُوْدٍ

Surah Hud (11) — Ayah 97

Hud · Meccan · Juz 12 · Page 232

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إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَإِي۟هِۦ فَٱتَّبَعُوٓا۟ أَمْرَ فِرْعَوْنَ ۖ وَمَآ أَمْرُ فِرْعَوْنَ بِرَشِيدٍ ﴿97﴾

Translation by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan & Dr. Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali

To Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) and his chiefs, but they followed the command of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh), and the command of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) was no right guide.

Word by Word — Arabic, Transliteration & Meaning

إِلَىٰ ilā To
فِرْعَوْنَ fir'ʿawna Firaun
وَمَلَإِي۟هِۦ wamala-ihi and his chiefs
فَٱتَّبَعُوٓا۟ fa-ittabaʿū but they followed
أَمْرَ amra (the) command of Firaun
فِرْعَوْنَ ۖ fir'ʿawna (the) command of Firaun
وَمَآ wamā and not
أَمْرُ amru (the) command of Firaun
فِرْعَوْنَ fir'ʿawna (the) command of Firaun
بِرَشِيدٍۢ birashīdin was right

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim — Hafiz Abdus Salam Bin Muhammad Bhutvi

Tafsir al-Quran al-Karim is a 4-volume Quran commentary by Hafiz Abdus Salam bin Muhammad Bhutvi, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar and Sheikh ul-Hadith from Pakistan. Based on over 45 years of teaching and research, this tafsir follows the methodology of Tafsir bil-Ma'thur — interpreting the Quran through authentic Hadith, statements of the Companions, and the understanding of the early generations (Salaf). It is distinguished by its complete avoidance of Israeliyyat (Judeo-Christian narratives) and unverified reports. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

(Ayah 97) ➊ { اِلٰى فِرْعَوْنَ وَ مَلَاۡىِٕهٖ …:} Here, the mention of Pharaoh’s chiefs along with him is because they were the ones who implemented his commands. According to Zamakhshari, you can gauge their ignorance from the fact that they kept following Pharaoh’s orders, even though those orders were clearly against reason—for example, accepting the claim of being the supreme lord by a human like themselves, who possessed every human weakness, and carrying out extreme oppression and injustice, such as obeying the command to kill innocent children. Yet Pharaoh had made them so insignificant and humiliated that even after witnessing the clear miracles of Musa (peace be upon him), they continued to follow Pharaoh, because believing in Musa (peace be upon him) would have required them to abandon their disobedience. Allah said: «{ فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهٗ فَاَطَاعُوْهُ اِنَّهُمْ كَانُوْا قَوْمًا فٰسِقِيْنَ }» [ الزخرف : ۵۴ ] “So he made his people insignificant (and worthless), and they obeyed him. Indeed, they were a rebellious people.”

➋ {وَ مَاۤ اَمْرُ فِرْعَوْنَ بِرَشِيْدٍ : ’’ رَشَدَ ‘‘} (n, f) from {’’ رَشِيْدٌ ‘‘} refers to a person whose opinion is correct and whose thinking is good. Here, it is said about Pharaoh’s command that it was by no means correct, but was clearly based on misguidance. Such strong emphasis of negation is achieved by the letter emphatic letter bā’ and the tanwīn of {’’ بِرَشِيْدٍ ‘‘}.

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan — Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf

Tafsir Ahsan al-Bayan is a well-known Quran commentary by Hafiz Salahuddin Yusuf, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. This tafsir explains the meanings of the Quran in accordance with the methodology of the Salaf (early righteous generations), relying on authentic sources and straightforward language. Due to its reliability and adherence to sound Islamic scholarship, the Saudi government publishes and distributes this tafsir among the Hujjaj (pilgrims) visiting the Haramain. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

97. 1. مَلَاء refers to the nobles and distinguished people of a nation. (Its explanation has already been mentioned earlier.) The reason for mentioning the distinguished people of Pharaoh's court along with him is that the nobles of the nation were responsible for every matter, and the nation would follow them. If they had believed in Musa (عليه السلام), surely the entire nation of Pharaoh would have believed as well.

97. 2. رَشِیْدٍ is in the meaning of ذي رشد (possessor of guidance). That is, the statement of Musa (عليه السلام) was one of guidance and righteousness, but these people rejected it, and the statement of Pharaoh, which was far from guidance and righteousness, they followed.

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran — Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani

Tafsir Taiseer ul-Quran (Facilitation of the Quran) is a comprehensive Quran commentary by Maulana Abdul Rahman Kilani, a renowned Salafi (Ahl al-Hadith) scholar from Pakistan. Known for his eloquent and accessible writing style, Kilani authored this tafsir with a focus on clarity — making Quranic meanings understandable to the common reader. The tafsir provides detailed historical context for verses related to battles and expeditions, and firmly refutes modernist ideologies using strong scriptural evidence. It is widely regarded as an invaluable resource for understanding the Quran and countering deviant interpretations. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu, translated to English by tohed.com.

97. But they followed only Pharaoh’s command, though Pharaoh’s [109] command was not right at all.

[109] The effect of accepting this call would not have been limited to Pharaoh alone, but it would have affected his courtiers as well, and each one of them would have had to relinquish their respective positions. Therefore, all of them refused to accept the call of Musa (Moses) ؑ, even though all of them knew very well that the inhuman atrocities Pharaoh had inflicted upon the Children of Israel were in no way justified, and that Musa (Moses) ؑ was truthful in his demand.
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