سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب البيوع عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Business
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الصَّرْفِ
Chapter: ….
Hadith 1241
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا شَيبَانُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، قَالَ : انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عُمَر، إلى أبي سعيد فحدثنا ، أن رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَايَ هَاتَانِ ، يَقُولُ : " لَا تَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالْفِضَّةَ بِالْفِضَّةِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، لَا يُشَفُّ بَعْضُهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ ، وَلَا تَبِيعُوا مِنْهُ غَائِبًا بِنَاجِزٍ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَفِي الْبَاب ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، وَعُمَرَ ، وَعُثْمَانَ ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، وَهِشَامِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ ، وَالْبَرَاءِ ، وَزَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ ، وَفَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ ، وَأَبِي بَكْرَةَ ، وَابْنِ عُمَرَ ، وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ ، وَبِلَالٍ ، قَالَ : وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الرِّبَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ ، إِلَّا مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يُبَاعَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ مُتَفَاضِلًا ، وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ مُتَفَاضِلًا ، إِذَا كَانَ يَدًا بِيَدٍ ، وقَالَ : إِنَّمَا الرِّبَا فِي النَّسِيئَةِ ، وَكَذَلِكَ رُوِيَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ هَذَا ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنَّهُ رَجَعَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ ، حِينَ حَدَّثَهُ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ ، وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ ، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ، وَأَحْمَدَ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : لَيْسَ فِي الصَّرْفِ اخْتِلَافٌ .
Nafi’ says: I and Ibn Umar both went to Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with them), and he narrated to us that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: (Both my ears heard this from him): “Sell gold for gold equally and silver for silver equally. Do not make one more or less than the other, and do not sell what is absent for what is present.” © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The hadith of Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding riba, which he narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), is Hasan Sahih.
2- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Abu Hurairah, Hisham bin Amir, Bara’, Zayd bin Arqam, Fadala bin Ubaid, Abu Bakrah, Ibn Umar, Abu Darda, and Bilal (may Allah be pleased with them).
3- The people of knowledge among the Companions and others act upon this.
4- Except for what is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that he saw no harm in selling gold for gold and silver for silver with an increase or decrease, as long as the transaction is hand to hand, and he also said that riba is only in deferred sale, and something similar is narrated from some of his companions.
5- And it is also narrated from Ibn Abbas that when Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri narrated to him the hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he retracted his statement. The first opinion is more correct. The people of knowledge act upon this, and this is also the view of Sufyan Thawri, Ibn Mubarak, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh, and Ibn Mubarak says: There is no difference except in 1.
1- The hadith of Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding riba, which he narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), is Hasan Sahih.
2- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Abu Hurairah, Hisham bin Amir, Bara’, Zayd bin Arqam, Fadala bin Ubaid, Abu Bakrah, Ibn Umar, Abu Darda, and Bilal (may Allah be pleased with them).
3- The people of knowledge among the Companions and others act upon this.
4- Except for what is narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), that he saw no harm in selling gold for gold and silver for silver with an increase or decrease, as long as the transaction is hand to hand, and he also said that riba is only in deferred sale, and something similar is narrated from some of his companions.
5- And it is also narrated from Ibn Abbas that when Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri narrated to him the hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), he retracted his statement. The first opinion is more correct. The people of knowledge act upon this, and this is also the view of Sufyan Thawri, Ibn Mubarak, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh, and Ibn Mubarak says: There is no difference except in 1.
Hadith 1242
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلَّالُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ الْإِبِلَ بِالْبَقِيعِ فَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ ، فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا الْوَرِقَ ، وَأَبِيعُ بِالْوَرِقِ فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا الدَّنَانِيرَ ، فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَجَدْتُهُ خَارِجًا مِنْ بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ ، فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ : " لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ بِالْقِيمَةِ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مَرْفُوعًا ، إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، وَرَوَى دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مَوْقُوفًا ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ، أَنْ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَقْتَضِيَ الذَّهَبَ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ وَالْوَرِقَ ، مِنَ الذَّهَبِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : أَحْمَدَ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، وَقَدْ كَرِهَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ ذَلِكَ .
‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) says: I used to sell camels in the market of Baqi‘. I would sell them for dinars and take silver in exchange, and I would sell them for silver and take dinars in exchange. I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and saw that he was coming out of the house of Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her), so I asked him about this. He said: “There is no harm in doing so at the current price.” © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- We know this hadith as being marfu‘ only from the narration of Simak bin Harb,
2- Simak narrated it from Sa‘id bin Jubair, and Sa‘id from Ibn ‘Umar, and Dawud bin Abi Hind narrated this hadith from Sa‘id bin Jubair, and Sa‘id from Ibn ‘Umar as mawquf,
3- Some people of knowledge act upon this hadith, that if someone takes silver in exchange for gold or gold in exchange for silver, there is no harm in it. This is also the opinion of Ahmad and Ishaq,
4- And some people of knowledge among the Companions and others considered it disliked.
1- We know this hadith as being marfu‘ only from the narration of Simak bin Harb,
2- Simak narrated it from Sa‘id bin Jubair, and Sa‘id from Ibn ‘Umar, and Dawud bin Abi Hind narrated this hadith from Sa‘id bin Jubair, and Sa‘id from Ibn ‘Umar as mawquf,
3- Some people of knowledge act upon this hadith, that if someone takes silver in exchange for gold or gold in exchange for silver, there is no harm in it. This is also the opinion of Ahmad and Ishaq,
4- And some people of knowledge among the Companions and others considered it disliked.
Hadith 1243
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : أَقْبَلْتُ أَقُولُ مَنْ يَصْطَرِفُ الدَّرَاهِمَ ، فَقَالَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ : أَرِنَا ذَهَبَكَ ، ثُمَّ ائْتِنَا إِذَا جَاءَ خَادِمُنَا نُعْطِكَ وَرِقَكَ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : كَلَّا وَاللَّهِ لَتُعْطِيَنَّهُ وَرِقَهُ ، أَوْ لَتَرُدَّنَّ إِلَيْهِ ذَهَبَهُ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " الْوَرِقُ بِالذَّهَبِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ ، وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ ، وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ ، وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ، وَمَعْنَى قَوْلِهِ : إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ يَقُولُ يَدًا بِيَدٍ .
Malik bin Aws bin Hadthan (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I came (to the market) saying: Who will exchange dirhams (for dinars, etc.)? So Talhah bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, and he was with Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him): Show us your gold, and when our servant comes, come to us and we will give you silver in exchange for it. (Upon hearing this) Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! This can never be. Either give him the silver right now or return his gold, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Exchanging gold for silver is usury, except when it is hand to hand; exchanging wheat for wheat is usury, except when it is hand to hand; exchanging barley for barley is usury, except when it is hand to hand; and exchanging dates for dates is usury, except when it is hand to hand." © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih,
2- The people of knowledge act upon this.
«إلاھاء وھاء» means immediate exchange.
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih,
2- The people of knowledge act upon this.
«إلاھاء وھاء» means immediate exchange.
