سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب البيوع عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Business
باب مَا جَاءَ أَنَّ الْحِنْطَةَ بِالْحِنْطَةِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَكَرَاهِيَةِ التَّفَاضُلِ فِيهِ
Chapter: ….
Hadith 1240
حَدَّثَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَشْعَثِ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : " الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ ازْدَادَ ، فَقَدْ أَرْبَى بِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالْفِضَّةِ ، كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ ، وَبِيعُوا الْبُرَّ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ ، وَبِيعُوا الشَّعِيرَ بِالتَّمْرِ ، كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ " . قَالَ : وَفِي الْبَاب ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، وَبِلَالٍ ، وَأَنَسٍ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : حَدِيثُ عُبَادَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ، وَقَدْ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ، وَقَالَ : بِيعُوا الْبُرُّ بِالشَّعِيرِ ، كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ ، وَرَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَشْعَثِ ، عَنْ عُبَادَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحَدِيثَ وَزَادَ فِيهِ ، قَالَ خَالِدٌ : قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ : " بِيعُوا الْبُرَّ بِالشَّعِيرِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ . فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ، لَا يَرَوْنَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ الْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، فَإِذَا اخْتَلَفَ الْأَصْنَافُ فَلَا بَأْسَ ، أَنْ يُبَاعَ مُتَفَاضِلًا إِذَا كَانَ يَدًا بِيَدٍ " ، وَهَذَا قَوْلُ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ ، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ، وَأَحْمَدَ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ : وَالْحُجَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ ، قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " بِيعُوا الشَّعِيرَ بِالْبُرِّ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَقَدْ كَرِهَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ تُبَاعَ الْحِنْطَةُ بِالشَّعِيرِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ، وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ .
‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Sell gold for gold, silver for silver, dates for dates, wheat for wheat, salt for salt, and barley for barley in equal amounts. Whoever gives more or takes more has engaged in usury. Sell gold for silver as you wish, provided it is hand to hand. Sell wheat for dates as you wish, provided it is hand to hand. Sell barley for dates as you wish, provided it is hand to hand.” © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The hadith of ‘Ubada (may Allah be pleased with him) is Hasan Sahih.
2- Some people have narrated this hadith from Khalid with the same chain, in which it is stated: Sell wheat for barley as you wish, provided it is hand to hand.
3- Some people have narrated this hadith from Khalid, and Khalid from Abu Qilabah, and Abu Qilabah from Abu Al-Ash’ath, and Abu Al-Ash’ath from ‘Ubada, and ‘Ubada from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and in it there is this addition: Khalid says: Abu Qilabah said: Sell wheat for barley as you wish. Then he mentioned the entire hadith.
4- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Abu Sa’id, Abu Hurairah, Bilal, and Anas (may Allah be pleased with them).
5- The people of knowledge act upon this; they consider it permissible to sell wheat for wheat and barley for barley only in equal amounts, and when the types differ, there is no harm in selling with an increase or decrease, provided the transaction is hand to hand. This is the view of the people of knowledge among the Companions and others. Sufyan Thawri, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh also hold this view. Shafi’i says: The evidence for this is the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): Sell barley for wheat as you wish, provided it is hand to hand.
6- A group of the people of knowledge have considered it disliked to sell barley for wheat, unless they are equal in weight. The first opinion is more correct.
1- The hadith of ‘Ubada (may Allah be pleased with him) is Hasan Sahih.
2- Some people have narrated this hadith from Khalid with the same chain, in which it is stated: Sell wheat for barley as you wish, provided it is hand to hand.
3- Some people have narrated this hadith from Khalid, and Khalid from Abu Qilabah, and Abu Qilabah from Abu Al-Ash’ath, and Abu Al-Ash’ath from ‘Ubada, and ‘Ubada from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and in it there is this addition: Khalid says: Abu Qilabah said: Sell wheat for barley as you wish. Then he mentioned the entire hadith.
4- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Abu Sa’id, Abu Hurairah, Bilal, and Anas (may Allah be pleased with them).
5- The people of knowledge act upon this; they consider it permissible to sell wheat for wheat and barley for barley only in equal amounts, and when the types differ, there is no harm in selling with an increase or decrease, provided the transaction is hand to hand. This is the view of the people of knowledge among the Companions and others. Sufyan Thawri, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh also hold this view. Shafi’i says: The evidence for this is the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): Sell barley for wheat as you wish, provided it is hand to hand.
6- A group of the people of knowledge have considered it disliked to sell barley for wheat, unless they are equal in weight. The first opinion is more correct.
