سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب البيوع عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Business
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ بَيْعِ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ
Chapter: ….
Hadith 1232
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، قَالَ : أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ : يَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ ، يَسْأَلُنِي مِنَ الْبَيْعِ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي أَبْتَاعُ لَهُ مِنَ السُّوقِ ، ثُمَّ أَبِيعُهُ ، قَالَ : " لَا تَبِعْ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ ". قال : وفَي البْابِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهَ بْنِ عُمَرَ .
Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and said: Some people come to me and ask me to sell something which I do not possess. Should I go to the market, buy it for them, and then sell it? He said: "Do not sell that which you do not possess." __QUR_N__ Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih. The ruling is coming in 1234,
2- In this chapter, there is also a narration from Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih. The ruling is coming in 1234,
2- In this chapter, there is also a narration from Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both).
Hadith 1233
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، قَالَ : " نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنْ أَبِيعَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، قَالَ إِسْحَاق بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ : قُلْتُ لِأَحْمَدَ : مَا مَعْنَى نَهَى عَنْ سَلَفٍ ، وَبَيْعٍ ، قَالَ : أَنْ يَكُونَ يُقْرِضُهُ قَرْضًا ، ثُمَّ يُبَايِعُهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيْعًا ، يَزْدَادُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَيَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ يُسْلِفُ إِلَيْهِ فِي شَيْءٍ ، فَيَقُولُ : إِنْ لَمْ يَتَهَيَّأْ عِنْدَكَ فَهُوَ بَيْعٌ عَلَيْكَ ، قَالَ إِسْحَاق : يَعْنِي ابْنَ رَاهَوَيْهِ ، كَمَا قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَحْمَدَ : وَعَنْ بَيْعِ مَا لَمْ تَضْمَنْ ، قَالَ : لَا يَكُونُ عِنْدِي إِلَّا فِي الطَّعَامِ ، مَا لَمْ تَقْبِضْ ، قَالَ إِسْحَاق ، كَمَا قَالَ : فِي كُلِّ مَا يُكَالُ أَوْ يُوزَنُ ، قَالَ أَحْمَدُ : إِذَا قَالَ أَبِيعُكَ هَذَا الثَّوْبَ ، وَعَلَيَّ خِيَاطَتُهُ وَقَصَارَتُهُ ، فَهَذَا مِنْ نَحْوِ شَرْطَيْنِ فِي بَيْعٍ ، وَإِذَا قَالَ : أَبِيعُكَهُ وَعَلَيَّ خِيَاطَتُهُ ، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ ، أَوْ قَالَ : أَبِيعُكَهُ وَعَلَيَّ قَصَارَتُهُ ، فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَرْطٌ وَاحِدٌ .
Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade me from selling something which was not in my possession. © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan (good).
2- Ishaq bin Mansur says: I asked Ahmad bin Hanbal: What is the meaning of the prohibition of combining sale with a loan? He said: Its form is that a man gives a loan to someone and then sells to him, taking a higher price for the goods. And it is also possible that someone gives an advance (salam) to someone for something and says: If you are unable to provide the money, then you must sell me this item. Ishaq (ibn Rahwayh) also said the same as Ahmad said.
3- Ishaq bin Mansur said: I asked Ahmad about the sale of something for which the seller is not liable. He replied: (This prohibition) in my view is only with the sale of food until it is possessed, that is, possession means liability. Ishaq bin Rahwayh also said the same as Ahmad said, but this prohibition applies to everything that is measured or weighed. Ahmad bin Hanbal says: When the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its sewing and washing are my responsibility, then this form of sale is of the type of two conditions in one sale. And when the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its sewing is my responsibility, or the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its washing is my responsibility, then there is no objection in this sale, this is only one condition. Ishaq bin Rahwayh also said the same as Ahmad said.
1- This hadith is Hasan (good).
2- Ishaq bin Mansur says: I asked Ahmad bin Hanbal: What is the meaning of the prohibition of combining sale with a loan? He said: Its form is that a man gives a loan to someone and then sells to him, taking a higher price for the goods. And it is also possible that someone gives an advance (salam) to someone for something and says: If you are unable to provide the money, then you must sell me this item. Ishaq (ibn Rahwayh) also said the same as Ahmad said.
3- Ishaq bin Mansur said: I asked Ahmad about the sale of something for which the seller is not liable. He replied: (This prohibition) in my view is only with the sale of food until it is possessed, that is, possession means liability. Ishaq bin Rahwayh also said the same as Ahmad said, but this prohibition applies to everything that is measured or weighed. Ahmad bin Hanbal says: When the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its sewing and washing are my responsibility, then this form of sale is of the type of two conditions in one sale. And when the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its sewing is my responsibility, or the seller says: I am selling you this cloth on the condition that its washing is my responsibility, then there is no objection in this sale, this is only one condition. Ishaq bin Rahwayh also said the same as Ahmad said.
Hadith 1234
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، حَتَّى ذَكَرَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لَا يَحِلُّ سَلَفٌ ، وَبَيْعٌ وَلَا شَرْطَانِ فِي بَيْعٍ ، وَلَا رِبْحُ مَا لَمْ يُضْمَنْ ، وَلَا بَيْعُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : حَدِيثُ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ ، رَوَى أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ ، وَأَبُو بِشْرٍ ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَرَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَوْفٌ ، وَهِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ ، إِنَّمَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيِّ ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ .
'Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "A sale combined with a loan is not permissible 1, nor are two conditions in one sale permissible 2, nor is it permissible to benefit from something for which he is not liable 3, nor is it permissible to sell something which is not in your possession." © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih,
2- The hadith of Hakim bin Hizam is Hasan (1232, 1233), and it is also narrated from him through other chains. And Ayyub Sakhtiyani and Abu Bishr narrated it from Yusuf bin Mahak, and Yusuf narrated it from Hakim bin Hizam. And 'Awf and Hisham bin Hassan narrated this hadith from Ibn Sirin, and Ibn Sirin from Hakim bin Hizam, and Hakim bin Hizam from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and this hadith (narration) is Mursal (disconnected). Ibn Sirin narrated it from Ayyub Sakhtiyani, and Ayyub from Yusuf bin Mahak, and Yusuf bin Mahak from Hakim bin Hizam in the same way.
1- This hadith is Hasan Sahih,
2- The hadith of Hakim bin Hizam is Hasan (1232, 1233), and it is also narrated from him through other chains. And Ayyub Sakhtiyani and Abu Bishr narrated it from Yusuf bin Mahak, and Yusuf narrated it from Hakim bin Hizam. And 'Awf and Hisham bin Hassan narrated this hadith from Ibn Sirin, and Ibn Sirin from Hakim bin Hizam, and Hakim bin Hizam from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and this hadith (narration) is Mursal (disconnected). Ibn Sirin narrated it from Ayyub Sakhtiyani, and Ayyub from Yusuf bin Mahak, and Yusuf bin Mahak from Hakim bin Hizam in the same way.
Hadith 1235
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْخَلَّالُ، وَعَبْدَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخُزَاعِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ أَبُو سَهْلٍ، وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ ، قَالُوا : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ، قَالَ : " نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ أَبِيعَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَرَوَى وَكِيعٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ L8387 ، عَنْ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ L7016 ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ L746 ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ L2468 وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ ، وَرِوَايَةُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ أَصَحُّ وَقَدْ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ L8208 هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ حَكِيمٍ L8546 ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ L8584 ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عِصْمَةَ L4953 ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ L2468 ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ ، كَرِهُوا أَنْ يَبِيعَ الرَّجُلُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ .
‘Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) says that’ the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade me from selling something which is not in my possession. © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- Waki’ has narrated this hadith through the route: «عن يزيد بن إبراهيم عن ابن سيرين عن أيوب عن حكيم بن حزام» and has not mentioned the intermediary of Yusuf bin Mahak. The narration of ‘Abd al-Samad is more authentic (in which Ibn Sirin is mentioned). And Yahya bin Abi Kathir has narrated this hadith through the route: «عن يعلى بن حكيم عن يوسف بن ماهك عن عبد الله بن عصمة عن حكيم بن حزام عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم»,
2- Most of the people of knowledge act upon this hadith; they consider it disliked to sell something which a person does not possess.
1- Waki’ has narrated this hadith through the route: «عن يزيد بن إبراهيم عن ابن سيرين عن أيوب عن حكيم بن حزام» and has not mentioned the intermediary of Yusuf bin Mahak. The narration of ‘Abd al-Samad is more authentic (in which Ibn Sirin is mentioned). And Yahya bin Abi Kathir has narrated this hadith through the route: «عن يعلى بن حكيم عن يوسف بن ماهك عن عبد الله بن عصمة عن حكيم بن حزام عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم»,
2- Most of the people of knowledge act upon this hadith; they consider it disliked to sell something which a person does not possess.
