سنن ترمذي

Tirmidhi

 كتاب الزكاة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم

The Book on Zakat

 باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْمُتَصَدِّقِ يَرِثُ صَدَقَتَهُ

Chapter: What Has Been Related About The One Who Gives Charity (Then) Inheriting His Charity

Hadith 667

اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَى أُمِّي بِجَارِيَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ ، قَالَ : " وَجَبَ أَجْرُكِ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكِ الْمِيرَاثُ " قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا كَانَ عَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ أَفَأَصُومُ عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ : " صُومِي عَنْهَا " قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا لَمْ تَحُجَّ قَطُّ أَفَأَحُجُّ عَنْهَا ؟ قَالَ : " نَعَمْ حُجِّي عَنْهَا " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ، لَا يُعْرَفُ هَذَا مِنْ حَدِيثِ بُرَيْدَةَ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ ثِقَةٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ ثُمَّ وَرِثَهَا حَلَّتْ لَهُ ، وقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ شَيْءٌ جَعَلَهَا لِلَّهِ ، فَإِذَا وَرِثَهَا فَيَجِبُ أَنْ يَصْرِفَهَا فِي مِثْلِهِ ، وَرَوَى سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ، وَزُهَيْرٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ .
´Abdullah bin Buraidah narrated from his father:` "I was sitting with the Prophet when a woman came to him and said: 'O Messenger of Allah! I gave a slave girl to my mother in charity and she died.' He said: 'Your reward is already established, and your right to inherit her has returned it (that Sadaqah) to you.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allah! There was a month of fasting due on her, shall I perform the fast for her?' He said: 'Fast on her behalf.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allah! She never performed Hajj, shall I perform Hajj for her?' He said: 'Yes, perform Hajj on her behalf.'"
Hadith Reference سنن ترمذي / كتاب الزكاة عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم / 667
Hadith Grading الألبانی: صحيح، ابن ماجة (1759 و 2394)
Hadith Takhrij «صحیح مسلم/الصوم 27 (1149) ، سنن ابی داود/ الزکاة 31 (1656) ، سنن ابن ماجہ/الصدقات 3 (2394) ، ( تحفة الأشراف : 1980) ، مسند احمد (5/351، 361) (صحیح)»
Related hadith on this topic
Muslim: 2697 Abu Dawud: 1656 Abu Dawud: 2877 Ibn Majah: 2394
Explanation & Benefits
Muslim — Hadith 2697
Abdullah bin Buraida (RA) reported on the authority of his father: When we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , a woman came to him and said: I had gifted to my mother a maid-servant, and now she (the mother) has died. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: There is a definite reward for you and she (the maid-servant) has been returned to you as an inheritance. She (that woman) again said: Fasts of a month (of Ramadan) are due upon her; should I observe them on her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Observe fasts on her behalf. She (again) said: She did not perform Hajj, should I perform it on her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Perform Hajj on her behalf.
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues:

➊ If a person gives charity and that charity returns to him on account of inheritance, then it is permissible for him to take it, and there will be no decrease in its reward.

➋ One may also perform a voluntary Hajj on behalf of one's parents.

➌ Just as the guardian may fast Ramadan fasts on behalf of the deceased, he may also observe fasts of vows (nazr) on behalf of the deceased, although according to Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, Imam Malik rahimahullah, and Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah, it is not permissible to fast on behalf of the deceased. According to Imam Ahmad rahimahullah, one cannot fast Ramadan fasts on behalf of the deceased, but may fast the fasts of vows (nazr) on their behalf.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 2697
Abu Dawud — Hadith 1656
Buraidah said A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said I gave a slave girl as sadaqah to my mother who has now died and has left that slave girl. He said your reward is sure and the inheritance has given her back to you.
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
1656. Commentary:
➊ Serving one’s parents is obligatory upon the children, and it is also required that they support them financially. However, obligatory charities (zakat) cannot be given to them.
➋ The situation of taking back charity mentioned in the hadith is not the well-known form of reclaiming charity, which is prohibited.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 1656
Abu Dawud — Hadith 2877
Narrated Buraidah: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: I donated my slave-girl to my mother, but she died and left the slave-girl. He said: Your reward became due, and she came back to you in inheritance. She said: She died while a month's fasting was due from her. Would it be sufficient or be taken as completed if I fast on her behalf ? He said: Yes. She said: She also did not perform Hajj. Would it be sufficient or be taken completed if I perform (Hajj) on her behalf ? He said: Yes.
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊
Serving and assisting one’s parents, both materially and spiritually, is among the three most important virtues. It is a deed of great reward.

➋
If charity (sadaqah) or a gift (hadiyyah) returns as inheritance, then it is permissible to become its owner. Similarly, taking it in this manner does not fall under the prohibition regarding reclaiming charity (sadaqah) or a gift (hibah).

➌
If there are missed fasts (sawm) owed by the deceased, the heir should make them up (qada) on their behalf.

➍
In this way, Hajj can also be performed on behalf of the deceased.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2877
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