Tirmidhi

Explanation:
1:
O Allah! I seek refuge with You from bad habits, evil deeds, and wicked desires.

Takhrij:
«صحيح»
[ترمذي 3591],
[حاكم 532],
Al-Albani has declared it sahih. See: [صحيح الترمذي 2840]

Vocabulary:
«جَنِّبْ» is a verbal noun from the bab taf'il; the meaning of «تجنيب» is to keep away.
«أَخْلَاقٌ» is the plural of «خُلُق».
«أَهْوَاء» is the plural of «هَوًي», and
«أَدْوَاء» is the plural of «داءٌ».

Benefits:
What is meant by bad character, bad deeds, evil desires, and harmful diseases?
Those habits of a person which become as ingrained as his innate dispositions are called «اخلاق».
A poet says:
«كذاك ادبت حتي صار من خلقي . . . اني وجدت ملاك الشيمة الادبا»
"I was taught manners in such a way that it became my natural disposition; I found the root of all virtues to be in good manners."

Bad character traits are those which are considered bad in the view of the Shari'ah, and which human intellect and natural disposition also recognize as evil, such as envy, malice, lying, betrayal, deception, hard-heartedness, miserliness, cowardice, impatience, etc. In contrast, good character traits are, for example, forbearance, forgiveness, generosity, patience, mercy, helping others, bearing their difficulties, and doing good to them, etc.

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sought refuge from bad character and supplicated for the attainment of good character. Thus, in the opening supplication of prayer, it is stated:
«واهدني لاحسن الاخلاق لا يهدي لا حسنها الا انت واصرف عني سيئها لا يصرف عني سيئها الا انت»
"And guide me to the best of character, for none guides to the best of it except You, and turn away from me bad character, for none turns away bad character from me except You."

By bad deeds is meant all those actions which are considered bad in the view of the Shari'ah, and which, if human nature is not corrupted, are also recognized as evil by it. For example, unjust killing, adultery, theft, slander, etc.

Evil desires are those which, if a person pursues them, his end in this world and the Hereafter will be bad.

Harmful diseases are those which render a person mentally or physically incapacitated, and cause people to be repulsed by him, such as vitiligo, leprosy, infatuation, insanity, paralysis, etc.

Takhrij:
«أخرجه الترمذي، الدعوات، باب دعاء أم سلمة، حديث:3591، والحاكم:1 /532 وصححه علي شرط مسلم.»©Explanation:
From this hadith, it is understood that one should constantly supplicate to Allah for protection from bad character, evil deeds, evil desires, and harmful diseases, because it is not possible to be saved from these matters without Allah’s divine enablement (tawfiq).

© Hadith Narrator:
«حضرت قطبہ بن مالک رضی اللہ عنہ » Qutbah bin Malik, due to being from the Banu Tha‘labah bin Sa‘d bin Dhubyan, was called Tha‘labi, and due to his lineage to Dhubyan, he was also called Dhubyani.
He was associated with Kufa.
His nephew Ziyad bin ‘Ilaqah narrated hadith from him.