سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب تفسير القرآن عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمChapters on Tafsir
باب وَمِنْ سُورَةِ الأَحْزَابِChapter: ….
Hadith 3207
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ الزِّبْرِقَانِ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، قَالَتْ : لَوْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَاتِمًا شَيْئًا مِنَ الْوَحْيِ لَكَتَمَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ : " وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ يَعْنِي بِالْإِسْلَامِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ يَعْنِي بِالْعِتْقِ فَأَعْتَقْتَهُ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ زَوْجَكَ وَاتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَتُخْفِي فِي نَفْسِكَ مَا اللَّهُ مُبْدِيهِ وَتَخْشَى النَّاسَ وَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَخْشَاهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ مَفْعُولا سورة الأحزاب آية 37 ، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَهَا ، قَالُوا : تَزَوَّجَ حَلِيلَةَ ابْنِهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : مَا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا أَحَدٍ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَخَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ سورة الأحزاب آية 40 ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَبَنَّاهُ وَهُوَ صَغِيرٌ ، فَلَبِثَ حَتَّى صَارَ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ : زَيْدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : ادْعُوهُمْ لآبَائِهِمْ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا آبَاءَهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَمَوَالِيكُمْ سورة الأحزاب آية 5 فُلَانٌ مَوْلَى فُلَانٍ وَفُلَانٌ أَخُو فُلَانٍ هُوَ أَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ سورة الأحزاب آية 5 يَعْنِي أَعْدَلُ عِنْدَ اللهِ " . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ ، قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ : " لَوْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَاتِمًا شَيْئًا مِنَ الْوَحْيِ لَكَتَمَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ : وَإِذْ تَقُولُ لِلَّذِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِ سورة الأحزاب آية 37 " هَذَا الْحَرْفُ لَمْ يُرْوَ بِطُولِهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَضَّاحٍ الْكُوفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ .
´Narrated 'Aishah [may Allah be pleased with her]:` "If the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was to have concealed anything that was revealed to him, then he would have concealed these Ayat: 'When you said to him on whom Allah has bestowed grace (meaning by Islam); and you have done a favor (meaning that he was a slave and you freed him) "Keep your wife to yourself, and have Taqwa of Allah." But you did hide in yourself that which Allah will make manifest, you did fear the people whereas Allah had better right that you should fear Him' up to His saying: 'And Allah's command must be fulfilled (33:37).' They said: 'He married his wife's son, so Allah revealed: 'Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the Last of the Prophets (33:40).' The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had taken (adopted) him as a son when he was small, and he remained being called 'Zaid bin Muhammad' until he grew up to adulthood, then Allah revealed: 'Call them by their fathers, then your brothers in religion and your Mawali (33:5). (Say) So-and-so, the Mawla of so-and-so, and; So-and-so, the brother of so-and-so. 'That is more just with Allah' meaning that doing that is more just to Allah."
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
When you were saying to that person upon whom Allah had bestowed favor through Islam, and upon whom you too had bestowed favor and kindness (by freeing him), “Keep your wife with you (do not divorce her) and fear Allah,” and you were concealing in your heart that which Allah intended to reveal, and you were fearing the people’s (blame and reproach), while Allah has a greater right that you fear Him.
2:
Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets (the last Prophet).
3:
Call them by (the names of) their (real) fathers (from whose seed they were born); this is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers (who they are), then they are your religious brothers and friends.
4:
If they are free, then the translation will be “so-and-so’s friend, ally,” and if they are freed slaves, then the translation will be “so-and-so’s freed slave.” This same point should be kept in mind in the translation of ﴿مَوَالِیکُم﴾ as well.
1:
When you were saying to that person upon whom Allah had bestowed favor through Islam, and upon whom you too had bestowed favor and kindness (by freeing him), “Keep your wife with you (do not divorce her) and fear Allah,” and you were concealing in your heart that which Allah intended to reveal, and you were fearing the people’s (blame and reproach), while Allah has a greater right that you fear Him.
2:
Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is not the father of any of your men, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets (the last Prophet).
3:
Call them by (the names of) their (real) fathers (from whose seed they were born); this is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers (who they are), then they are your religious brothers and friends.
4:
If they are free, then the translation will be “so-and-so’s friend, ally,” and if they are freed slaves, then the translation will be “so-and-so’s freed slave.” This same point should be kept in mind in the translation of ﴿مَوَالِیکُم﴾ as well.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 3207
