Hadith 244

حَدَّثَنَا حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيل بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ إِيَاسٍ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبَايَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعَنِي أَبِي وَأَنَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَقُولُ : بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ سورة الفاتحة آية 1 ، فقال لِي : أَيْ بُنَيَّ مُحْدَثٌ ، إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَدَثَ ، قَالَ : " وَلَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ أَبْغَضَ إِلَيْهِ الْحَدَثُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ يَعْنِي مِنْهُ ، قَالَ : وَقَدْ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمَعَ عُمَرَ وَمَعَ عُثْمَانَ ، فَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ يَقُولُهَا فَلَا تَقُلْهَا ، إِذَا أَنْتَ صَلَّيْتَ " فَقُلْ : الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ سورة الفاتحة آية 2 . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، مِنْهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَعُمَرُ ، وَعُثْمَانُ ، وَعَلِيٌّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ : سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ ، وَابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، وَأَحْمَدُ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، لَا يَرَوْنَ أَنْ يَجْهَرَ بِ : بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ سورة الفاتحة آية 1 ، قَالُوا : وَيَقُولُهَا فِي نَفْسِهِ .
´Ibn Abdullah bin Mughaffal narrated:` "While I was praying, I said: Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim "In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Beneficent." My father heard me and said: "O my son this is a newly invented matter, beware of the newly-invented.'" He (Ibn Abdullah) said: "I have not seen any one of the Companions of Allah's Messenger who hated a newly invented matter in Islam more than him. And he said: 'Ihave performed Salat with the Prophet, and with Abu Bakr, and Umar, and with Uthman. I did not hear any one of them saying it. So do not say it. When you are performing Salat say: Al-Hamdu lilahi Rabbil-Alamin "All praise is due to Allah the Lord of all that exists.'"
Hadith Reference سنن ترمذي / كتاب الصلاة / 244
Hadith Grading الألبانی: ضعيف، ابن ماجة (815) // ضعيف سنن ابن ماجة (174) //  |  زبیر علی زئی: إسناده ضعيف / جه 815, ابن عبد الله بن مغفل / محمد ، لم يوثقه غير ابن حبان . [حديث : 245 ، انظر ص 317]
Hadith Takhrij «سنن النسائی/الإفتتاح 22 (909) ، سنن ابن ماجہ/الإقامة 4 (815) ، ( تحفة الأشراف : 9967) ، مسند احمد (4/58) ، و (5/54، 55) (ضعیف) (بعض ائمہ نے ’’ ابن عبداللہ بن مغفل ‘‘ کو مجہول قرار دے کر اس روایت کو ضعیف قرار دیا ہے، جبکہ حافظ مزی نے ان کا نام ’’ یزید ‘‘ بتایا ہے، اور حافظ ابن حجر نے ان کو ’’ صدوق ‘‘ قرار دیا ہے)»
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
1:
From the phrase "You also do not say it," it apparently seems that he has altogether prohibited the recitation of ((BISMILLAH)), but it is better to interpret this as a prohibition against reciting it aloud (jahran), because the preceding statement, "I have not heard any of them say it," pertains to reciting aloud, since only that which is said aloud (jahran, with force) can be heard. The author, in the chapter heading (tarjamat al-bab), has also indicated towards this.

2:
Most of the hadiths that have come regarding reciting ((BISMILLAH)) aloud are weak. The best among them is the narration of Nu'aym al-Mujmir, whose wording is as follows: ((I prayed behind Abu Hurayrah radi Allahu anhu, and he recited: BISMILLAH AR-RAHMAN AR-RAHEEM, then he recited Umm al-Qur'an (al-Fatihah) until, when he reached "ghayr al-maghdoobi 'alayhim wa la ad-dalleen," he said: Ameen, and the people said: Ameen)). An objection has been raised against this narration that other people besides Nu'aym al-Mujmir have also narrated from Abu Hurayrah radi Allahu anhu, but in those narrations there is no mention of ((BISMILLAH)). The answer to this is that Nu'aym al-Mujmir is trustworthy (thiqa), and the addition of a trustworthy narrator is accepted; therefore, evidence can be taken from this for reciting aloud (jahr). In summary, both reciting silently (sirran) and aloud (jahran) are permissible, but most and the majority of the authentic hadiths mention reciting it quietly. (See Hadith No: 246)
Note:
(Some imams have declared "Ibn Abdullah ibn Mughaffal" to be unknown (majhul) and thus have considered this narration weak, whereas Hafiz Mizzi has stated his name as "Yazid," and Hafiz Ibn Hajar has declared him "truthful" (saduq).)
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 244