Tirmidhi

Explanation:
1:
These are the horses that are being used for jihad or are being prepared for jihad.

Hadith Commentary:
Here, an objection has been raised: Which narration of Urwah did Imam Bukhari rahimahullah intend? If the narration about the horses is intended, then indeed it is connected (mawsool), but it does not relate to the chapter heading. And if the narration about the goats is intended, then it is in accordance with the chapter, because in it is mentioned a miracle of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, namely the acceptance of his supplication. However, that narration is not connected (mawsool), and the people of the tribe of Shabib are unknown (majhool).

The answer is that the people of the tribe were multiple individuals.
It is not possible that all of them would lie, so the narration is considered connected (mawsool) and authentic (sahih).
In the narration about the horses, there is a prophecy which is being fulfilled word for word.
This too is related to the chapter in that it contains evidence of the truthfulness of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
At this point, the question arises: which hadith of ‘Urwah al-Bariqi radi Allahu anhu does Imam Bukhari rahimahullah intend? If the hadith about horses is intended, then without doubt it is connected (mawsul), but it has no relevance to the chapter heading. And if the hadith about the goat is intended, then it does correspond to the chapter heading, but it is not connected (mawsul), because the people of Shabib’s tribe are unknown (majhul).
The answer given is that the tribe consisted of multiple individuals; it is not possible that all of them would lie. Furthermore, when it is known that Shabib only narrates from trustworthy (adil) narrators, it is to be assumed with certainty that he took the narration from the trustworthy narrators of his tribe.
In any case, this narration is connected, and it contains mention of a miracle of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, that his supplication for ‘Urwah al-Baqi was accepted.
Even if he bought dust, it would be sold at the price of gold, and he would gain much profit from it.
This is a proof of prophethood.

➋
In this hadith, it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam not only upheld the transaction of ‘Urwah al-Bariqi radi Allahu anhu, but also approved of it and supplicated that Allah bestow blessing in his buying and selling.

➌
It is understood from this that there is no fixed limit for the rate of profit.
This incident shows that he received a profit equal to the purchase price.
And Allah knows best.

➍
The hadith about horses is also exactly in accordance with the chapter heading, for even today, despite the abundance of modern weaponry, the importance of the horse in the army remains.
In any case, both narrations are connected and correspond to the chapter heading.
And Allah is the one whose help is sought.

Hadith Commentary:
The indication here is that, insha’Allah, those who participate in jihad will receive spoils of war (mal-e-ghanīmah).
This means that not every person is entitled to the spoils.
It is as if the detail and clarification of what was general in the verse has been provided by the Sunnah.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
Allah Ta'ala has made the spoils of war (ghanimah) lawful for this Ummah.
Before this, the spoils of war were not lawful for any previous Ummah; rather, at that time, the spoils would be gathered in the battlefield and a fire would descend from the sky and consume them, turning them to ashes. However, for this Ummah, the spoils of war have been declared lawful.
➋
This hadith indicates that the horses participating in the battlefield are a source of blessing, as the spoils of war have been tied to their foreheads, which are lawful for the mujahideen.
This means that those who participate will certainly receive a share of the spoils, and furthermore, not every person is entitled to it, but only the mujahid who participates in the battle. Thus, the ambiguity that was present in the mentioned verse has been clarified and explained by this hadith.

Hadith Footnote:
Sa’d also said Abi al-Ja’d.
Ibn al-Madini also considered this correct, and Ibn Abi Hatim said that Abu al-Ja’d’s name was Sa’d.
Sulayman’s narration is connected (mawsul) in Abu Nu’aym’s al-Mustakhraj, and Musaddad’s narration is connected in his Musnad.

Chapter of Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number: 2852: «بَابُ الْجِهَادُ مَاضٍ مَعَ الْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ:»
Relevance between the Chapter and the Hadith:
In the chapter, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has argued regarding the Muslim leader, whether wicked or righteous, and as evidence he has presented a hadith that pertains to horses. Apparently, the connection between the chapter and the hadith seems difficult.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah states:
«. . . . . ولم يقيد ذالك بما إذا كان الإمام عادلا فدل على أن لا فرق فى حصول هذا الفضل بين أن يكون الغذو مع الإمام العادل أو الجائر.» [فتح الباري، ج 6، ص: 70]
“. . . . . He did not restrict it to the time when the Imam is just, meaning that attaining this virtue is not exclusive to the Imam being just. Thus, there is an indication in this hadith that there is no difference (in attaining this virtue) whether the Imam is just or oppressive.”
With this statement of Ibn Hajar rahimahullah, the relevance between the hadith and the chapter heading is established: as long as there are horses, jihad will continue to be waged upon them, and there will be blessing upon the forelocks of these horses until the Day of Resurrection, meaning that jihad will continue until the Day of Resurrection. And it is entirely possible that until the Day of Resurrection, there will be many such eras, some good and some bad, and in those eras there will be both just and oppressive leaders.
Allamah ‘Ayni Hanafi rahimahullah states:
Under this chapter, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah wants to establish that jihad will continue until the Day of Resurrection. [عمدة القاري، ج 14، ص: 214]
Allamah Ibn al-Teen rahimahullah states:
«أنه وقع فى رواية أبى الحسن القابسي فى لفظ الترجمة ”الجهاد ماض على البر والفاجر“.» [فتح الباري، ج 6، ص: 71]
The purpose of the chapter heading is that jihad is obligatory and necessary upon every person until the Day of Resurrection, whether he is righteous or wicked. And the reason for this is that in the narration of Abu’l-Hasan al-Qabisi, the words of the chapter heading have been reported as follows:
«الجهاد ماض على البر و الفاجر.»

Hadith Commentary: Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah wishes to clarify that the hadith regarding goodness and blessing in horses refers to their being instruments of jihad. And since goodness and blessing will remain in them until the Day of Resurrection, it follows from this that the command of jihad will also remain until the Day of Resurrection. And since every era until the Day of Resurrection will have both good and evil, it is not necessary that the Muslim rulers will always be fully adherent to Islamic Shari‘ah, nor will it ever be the case that they are always so; however, the process of jihad will never be discontinued.

Because this is a means of exalting the word of Allah and of honor in this world and the Hereafter.

Therefore, in view of Islamic interests, jihad will continue to be performed even under the leadership of oppressive rulers.

Hadith Commentary:
➊ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has linked goodness and blessing to the forelocks of horses until the Day of Resurrection, and in this context, he has also mentioned reward and spoils of war, which are the result and blessings of jihad.

➋ From this, it is understood that jihad will also continue until the Day of Resurrection. Furthermore, it is also understood that not all rulers who will come until the Day of Resurrection will be righteous; rather, among them will be evildoers as well. Thus, it is established that jihad is permissible alongside every ruler, whether righteous or sinful.

➌ Since both of these ahadith were not according to the condition of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah), therefore, in the heading, an indication towards them has been made.

In summary, whether the ruler is just or oppressive, righteous or sinful, jihad will remain valid and ongoing in the era of every ruler, because it is a means for the dominance of Allah’s religion and for honor in this world and the Hereafter, and the benefit of the propagation of Islam is also connected to it.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: These ahadith establish that jihad will continue until the Day of Resurrection, and that despite the most modern means of warfare and mounts, the need for horses will remain, just as to this day they are serving their purpose in mountains and forests.

Commentary in English:
The mention of horses in particular is because, in the blessed era of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), horses were extremely useful and indispensable for jihad. Even now, their usefulness cannot be denied. The purpose of this is to encourage Muslims to always remain prepared for jihad in the way of Allah. In the present time, along with horses, the preparation and provision of modern weaponry and arms is also necessary.