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سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب السير عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Military Expeditions
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي تَرِكَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَChapter: Description of the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) Inheritance
Hadith 1608
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ : جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَقَالَتْ : مَنْ يَرِثُكَ ؟ قَالَ : أَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي قَالَتْ : فَمَا لِي لَا أَرِثُ أَبِي ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " لَا نُورَثُ ، وَلَكِنِّي أَعُولُ مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُولُهُ ، وَأُنْفِقُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ " ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : وَفِي الْبَاب ، عَنْ عُمَرَ ، وَطَلْحَةَ ، وَالزُّبَيْرِ ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ، وَسَعْدٍ ، وَعَائِشَةَ ، وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ ، إِنَّمَا أَسْنَدَهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، وَعَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ، فَقَالَ : لَا أَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، إِلَّا حَمَّادَ بْنَ سَلَمَةَ ، وَرَوَى عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، نَحْوَ رِوَايَةِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ .
Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "Who will inherit from you after your death?" He replied: "My family and my children." Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Then why should I not inherit from my father?" Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: 'We (the Prophets) do not leave any inheritance.'" (Then Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said:) "But whatever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to provide for, we will also provide for, and whatever he used to spend on, we will also spend on."
© Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) with this chain is Hasan Gharib.
2- It has been narrated musnad by Hammad bin Salamah and Abdulwahhab bin Ata; both of them, and Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). I asked Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari about this hadith, and he said: "I do not know anyone besides Hammad bin Salamah who has narrated this hadith from Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah (marfu'an)." (Tirmidhi says: Yes,) Abdulwahhab bin Ata has also narrated from Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah, similar to the narration of Hammad bin Salamah.
3- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Umar, Talhah, Zubair, Abdur Rahman bin Awf, Sa'd, and Aisha (may Allah be pleased with them).
© Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) with this chain is Hasan Gharib.
2- It has been narrated musnad by Hammad bin Salamah and Abdulwahhab bin Ata; both of them, and Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). I asked Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari about this hadith, and he said: "I do not know anyone besides Hammad bin Salamah who has narrated this hadith from Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah (marfu'an)." (Tirmidhi says: Yes,) Abdulwahhab bin Ata has also narrated from Muhammad bin Amr, and Muhammad from Abu Salamah, and Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah, similar to the narration of Hammad bin Salamah.
3- In this chapter, there are also ahadith from Umar, Talhah, Zubair, Abdur Rahman bin Awf, Sa'd, and Aisha (may Allah be pleased with them).
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
It is understood that whoever manages a waqf (endowed) property, that is, its mutawalli (administrator), is entitled to receive a reasonable compensation for his effort from the property itself.
(Wahidi)
It is understood that whoever manages a waqf (endowed) property, that is, its mutawalli (administrator), is entitled to receive a reasonable compensation for his effort from the property itself.
(Wahidi)
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 2776
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
That is, just as the salaries of the officials of the Islamic government will be given, in the same manner, the maintenance (nafaqah) of the noble wives (azwaj mutahharat) will also be paid from the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
That is, just as the salaries of the officials of the Islamic government will be given, in the same manner, the maintenance (nafaqah) of the noble wives (azwaj mutahharat) will also be paid from the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3096
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
By "amil" (عامل) is meant those people who used to supervise the collection of alms (sadaqat). Some commentators have interpreted this to refer to the ruler of the time and the caliph.
➋
During his lifetime, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would, from his alms (sadaqat), set aside the expenses for his family and the stipends for the supervisors, and whatever remained would be spent on the affairs and needs of the Muslims. Since, after his passing, his wives were not permitted to marry anyone else, their maintenance and expenses continued to be paid from this same source after his death.
➌
During his caliphate, Umar (radi Allahu anhu) gave the Mothers of the Believers (Ummahat al-Mu'minin) the choice to either continue receiving their expenses or to take plots of land and have them cultivated through sharecropping (muzara‘ah). Thus, when Aisha (radi Allahu anha) and Hafsa (radi Allahu anha) preferred land, they were given land in Ghabah, and their share from the alms was discontinued, while the rest of the wives continued to receive their expenses as before.
(: ‘Umdat al-Qari: 432/10)
➊
By "amil" (عامل) is meant those people who used to supervise the collection of alms (sadaqat). Some commentators have interpreted this to refer to the ruler of the time and the caliph.
➋
During his lifetime, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would, from his alms (sadaqat), set aside the expenses for his family and the stipends for the supervisors, and whatever remained would be spent on the affairs and needs of the Muslims. Since, after his passing, his wives were not permitted to marry anyone else, their maintenance and expenses continued to be paid from this same source after his death.
➌
During his caliphate, Umar (radi Allahu anhu) gave the Mothers of the Believers (Ummahat al-Mu'minin) the choice to either continue receiving their expenses or to take plots of land and have them cultivated through sharecropping (muzara‘ah). Thus, when Aisha (radi Allahu anha) and Hafsa (radi Allahu anha) preferred land, they were given land in Ghabah, and their share from the alms was discontinued, while the rest of the wives continued to receive their expenses as before.
(: ‘Umdat al-Qari: 432/10)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3096
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Hadith Authentication:
[وأخرجه البخاري 3096 و مسلم 1760 من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ For the jurisprudence of the hadith, see: Al-Muwatta Hadith: 44
➋ The Prophets and Messengers do not leave behind material inheritance; rather, their inheritance is knowledge. Whatever wealth they leave behind, after fulfilling the prescribed (shar‘i) expenditures, the remainder is all charity (sadaqah).
➌ The maintenance (nafaqah) of the wife is the responsibility of the husband.
➍ In the chapter of Al-Muwatta of Imam Malik in which this hadith is mentioned, in the chapter immediately preceding it, «ماجاء فى التقي», it is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik radi Allahu anhu that ‘Umar bin al-Khattab (radi Allahu anhu) was in a walled enclosure (talking to himself) and was saying: “O ‘Umar bin al-Khattab! You are the Commander of the Faithful! Bravo, bravo! By Allah! (O ‘Umar!) You must certainly fear Allah, otherwise He will punish you.” I was listening to this from behind the wall. [الموطأ 2/992 ح1933، وسنده صحيح]
➎ In the narration of Al-Muwatta of Imam Malik (as narrated by Abu Mus‘ab al-Zuhri), in the chapter before the one containing this hadith, it is written that ‘Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (radi Allahu anhu), when he would hear the sound of thunder (ra‘d), would stop speaking and say: «سُبْحَانَ الَّذِيْ يُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيْفَتِهِ» “Glory be to Him whom the thunder glorifies with His praise, and the angels glorify out of fear of Him.” Then he would say: “For the people of the earth, this is a severe warning.” [الموطأ رواية ابي مصعب 2/171 ح2094، وسنده صحيح، البخاري فى الأدب المفرد : 723، البيهقي فى السنن الكبريٰ : 3/362]
[وأخرجه البخاري 3096 و مسلم 1760 من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ For the jurisprudence of the hadith, see: Al-Muwatta Hadith: 44
➋ The Prophets and Messengers do not leave behind material inheritance; rather, their inheritance is knowledge. Whatever wealth they leave behind, after fulfilling the prescribed (shar‘i) expenditures, the remainder is all charity (sadaqah).
➌ The maintenance (nafaqah) of the wife is the responsibility of the husband.
➍ In the chapter of Al-Muwatta of Imam Malik in which this hadith is mentioned, in the chapter immediately preceding it, «ماجاء فى التقي», it is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik radi Allahu anhu that ‘Umar bin al-Khattab (radi Allahu anhu) was in a walled enclosure (talking to himself) and was saying: “O ‘Umar bin al-Khattab! You are the Commander of the Faithful! Bravo, bravo! By Allah! (O ‘Umar!) You must certainly fear Allah, otherwise He will punish you.” I was listening to this from behind the wall. [الموطأ 2/992 ح1933، وسنده صحيح]
➎ In the narration of Al-Muwatta of Imam Malik (as narrated by Abu Mus‘ab al-Zuhri), in the chapter before the one containing this hadith, it is written that ‘Abdullah bin al-Zubayr (radi Allahu anhu), when he would hear the sound of thunder (ra‘d), would stop speaking and say: «سُبْحَانَ الَّذِيْ يُسَبِّحُ الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ خِيْفَتِهِ» “Glory be to Him whom the thunder glorifies with His praise, and the angels glorify out of fear of Him.” Then he would say: “For the people of the earth, this is a severe warning.” [الموطأ رواية ابي مصعب 2/171 ح2094، وسنده صحيح، البخاري فى الأدب المفرد : 723، البيهقي فى السنن الكبريٰ : 3/362]
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 372
