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سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب السير عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Military Expeditions
باب مَا يَحِلُّ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِChapter: How Much Is Permissible to Take from the Wealth of Dhimmis?
Hadith 1589
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَيْرِ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّا نَمُرُّ بِقَوْمٍ فَلَا هُمْ يُضَيِّفُونَا ، وَلَا هُمْ يُؤَدُّونَ مَا لَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ ، وَلَا نَحْنُ نَأْخُذُ مِنْهُمْ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنْ أَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا كَرْهًا ، فَخُذُوا " ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ، وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ أَيْضًا ، وَإِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ : أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَخْرُجُونَ فِي الْغَزْوِ ، فَيَمُرُّونَ بِقَوْمٍ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَا يَشْتَرُونَ بِالثَّمَنِ ، وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَبِيعُوا إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا كَرْهًا ، فَخُذُوا " ، هَكَذَا رُوِيَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَدِيثِ مُفَسَّرًا ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِنَحْوِ هَذَا .
'Uqbah bin 'Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I submitted, "O Messenger of Allah! We pass by people who neither host us nor fulfill the right that is due to us, and we do not take anything from them." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "If they do not give except that you take from them by force, then take it by force." © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan (good).
2- It has also been narrated by Layth bin Sa'd from Yazid bin Abi Habib (as is in the chain of Bukhari).
3- The meaning of this hadith is that when the Companions would go out for jihad, they would pass by a people where they would not find food to buy at a price. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "If they refuse to sell (food) except that you take it by force, then take it by force."
4- In another hadith, a similar clarification has come. It is narrated from 'Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), he also used to give a similar ruling. 1
1- This hadith is Hasan (good).
2- It has also been narrated by Layth bin Sa'd from Yazid bin Abi Habib (as is in the chain of Bukhari).
3- The meaning of this hadith is that when the Companions would go out for jihad, they would pass by a people where they would not find food to buy at a price. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "If they refuse to sell (food) except that you take it by force, then take it by force."
4- In another hadith, a similar clarification has come. It is narrated from 'Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), he also used to give a similar ruling. 1
Brief Explanation
1؎ : According to Imam Ahmad, Shawkani, and the author of Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi, this hadith is to be understood according to its apparent (literal) meaning; any interpretation without evidence is unwarranted, such as: that it was specific to the time of Prophethood, or that it was specific to those ahl al-dhimma from whom the condition of hosting Muslim soldiers was taken, and so on.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
According to Imam Ahmad, Shawkani, and the author of Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi, this hadith is to be understood according to its apparent meaning. Any interpretation without evidence is invalid, such as: that it was specific to the time of Prophethood, or that it was particular to those dhimmis from whom the Muslim armies had taken the condition of providing hospitality, and so on.
1:
According to Imam Ahmad, Shawkani, and the author of Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi, this hadith is to be understood according to its apparent meaning. Any interpretation without evidence is invalid, such as: that it was specific to the time of Prophethood, or that it was particular to those dhimmis from whom the Muslim armies had taken the condition of providing hospitality, and so on.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1589
