سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب الطلاق واللعان عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Divorce and Li'an
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الإِيلاَءِChapter: What has been related about Ila'
Hadith 1201
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ قَزَعَةَ الْبَصْرِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ، أَنْبَأَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ : " آلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ وَحَرَّمَ ، فَجَعَلَ الْحَرَامَ حَلَالًا ، وَجَعَلَ فِي الْيَمِينِ كَفَّارَةً " . قَالَ : وَفِي الْبَاب ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، وَأَبِي مُوسَى . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : حَدِيثُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ ، رَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، وَغَيْرُهُ ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ ، وَالْإِيلَاءُ : هُوَ أَنْ يَحْلِفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَقْرَبَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَأَكْثَرَ ، وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِيهِ إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ ، وقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ : إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ يُوقَفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَفِيءَ ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُطَلِّقَ ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ، وَأَحْمَدَ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، وقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ : إِذَا مَضَتْ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ فَهِيَ تَطْلِيقَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ ، وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ .
´Aishah narrated:` "The Messenger of Allah swore Ila from his wives, and he made something unlawful and he made himself unlawful what was lawful, and he made atonement for his oath."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
The literal meaning of "ila" is to take an oath.
And in Islamic law, "ila" is when a husband who has the ability to have intercourse swears by Allah's name or by one of His attributes that he will keep his wife apart from himself for a period exceeding four months,
and will not have intercourse with her.
In light of this definition, the "ila" of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was, from a linguistic perspective, and it was permissible because he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam performed "ila" only for a period of one month.
And the reason for this "ila" was that the noble wives had demanded more maintenance from him sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
If the one who performs "ila" breaks his oath, then the expiation (kaffarah) for breaking an oath (yamin) becomes obligatory upon him, and the expiation for breaking an oath is to feed ten needy people, or to clothe them, or to free a slave.
If he is unable to do any of these three, then he must fast for three days.
Note:
(In the chain of narration, Muslimah bin Alqamah is truthful (saduq), but his memory would sometimes err.
In comparison, "Ali bin Mushir" had a better memory, and in his narration there is irsal (a disconnected chain), which the author has mentioned.)
1:
The literal meaning of "ila" is to take an oath.
And in Islamic law, "ila" is when a husband who has the ability to have intercourse swears by Allah's name or by one of His attributes that he will keep his wife apart from himself for a period exceeding four months,
and will not have intercourse with her.
In light of this definition, the "ila" of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was, from a linguistic perspective, and it was permissible because he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam performed "ila" only for a period of one month.
And the reason for this "ila" was that the noble wives had demanded more maintenance from him sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
If the one who performs "ila" breaks his oath, then the expiation (kaffarah) for breaking an oath (yamin) becomes obligatory upon him, and the expiation for breaking an oath is to feed ten needy people, or to clothe them, or to free a slave.
If he is unable to do any of these three, then he must fast for three days.
Note:
(In the chain of narration, Muslimah bin Alqamah is truthful (saduq), but his memory would sometimes err.
In comparison, "Ali bin Mushir" had a better memory, and in his narration there is irsal (a disconnected chain), which the author has mentioned.)
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1201
