سنن ترمذي
Tirmidhi
كتاب الطلاق واللعان عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلمThe Book on Divorce and Li'an
باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَامِلِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا تَضَعُChapter: What has been related about the pregnant woman who gives birth after her husband dies
Hadith 1193
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ أَبِي السَّنَابِلِ بْنِ بَعْكَكٍ، قَالَ : وَضَعَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِثَلَاثَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ ، أَوْ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا فَلَمَّا تَعَلَّتْ ، تَشَوَّفَتْ لِلنِّكَاحِ فَأُنْكِرَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنْ تَفْعَلْ فَقَدْ حَلَّ أَجَلُهَا " .
´Al-Aswad narrated from Abu As-Sanabil bin Ba'kak who said:` "Subai'ah delivered twenty-three or twenty-five days after her husband had died. So when she was ready (finished post-natal bleeding) she adorned herself for marriage, but she was rebuked for doing that, so it was mentioned to the Prophet and he said: "If she has done that then her time has come.'"
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ نَحْوَهُ . وقَالَ وَفِي الْبَاب : عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى : حَدِيثُ أَبِي السَّنَابِلِ ، حَدِيثٌ مَشْهُورٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ ، وَلَا نَعْرِفُ لِلْأَسْوَدِ سَمَاعًا مِنْ أَبِي السَّنَابِلِ ، وسَمِعْت مُحَمَّدًا ، يَقُولُ : لَا أَعْرِفُ أَنَّ أَبَا السَّنَابِلِ ، عَاشَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ ، أَنَّ الْحَامِلَ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا إِذَا وَضَعَتْ ، فَقَدْ حَلَّ التَّزْوِيجُ لَهَا ، وَإِنْ لَمْ تَكْنِ انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا وَهُوَ قَوْلُ : سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ ، وَالشَّافِعِيِّ ، وَأَحْمَدَ ، وَإِسْحَاق ، وقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ : تَعْتَدُّ آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ .
Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The hadith of Abu Sanabil is well-known and is rare with this chain,
2- We do not know of Aswad hearing from Abu Sanabil,
3- I heard Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari say that I do not know whether Abu Sanabil remained alive after the Prophet (ﷺ) or not,
4- In this chapter, there is also a hadith narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her),
5- Most of the scholars among the Companions and others act upon this, that a pregnant woman whose husband has died, when she gives birth, it is permissible for her to marry, even if her waiting period is not complete. This is the saying of Sufyan Thawri, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh,
6- And some of the scholars among the Companions and others say that she should observe the waiting period according to whichever is later between childbirth and four months and ten days. The first opinion is more correct.
1- The hadith of Abu Sanabil is well-known and is rare with this chain,
2- We do not know of Aswad hearing from Abu Sanabil,
3- I heard Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari say that I do not know whether Abu Sanabil remained alive after the Prophet (ﷺ) or not,
4- In this chapter, there is also a hadith narrated from Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her),
5- Most of the scholars among the Companions and others act upon this, that a pregnant woman whose husband has died, when she gives birth, it is permissible for her to marry, even if her waiting period is not complete. This is the saying of Sufyan Thawri, Shafi’i, Ahmad, and Ishaq bin Rahwayh,
6- And some of the scholars among the Companions and others say that she should observe the waiting period according to whichever is later between childbirth and four months and ten days. The first opinion is more correct.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Commentary:
Note:
(Based on supporting evidences, this hadith is sahih li-ghayrihi; otherwise, there is a break in the chain of narration, which the author has mentioned.)
Note:
(Based on supporting evidences, this hadith is sahih li-ghayrihi; otherwise, there is a break in the chain of narration, which the author has mentioned.)
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1193
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
The waiting period (‘iddah) for a pregnant woman is until she gives birth.
This issue has been stated in the Noble Qur’an.
The command of Allah, the Exalted, is:
﴿وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ﴾ ()
“And the waiting period of pregnant women is until they deliver their burden (give birth).”
➋
The one who did not understand the correct practice of Lady Subai’ah radi Allahu anha was Abu Sanabil himself.
His opinion was that if childbirth occurs before the completion of four months and ten days, then the waiting period (‘iddah) should still be observed until four months and ten days are completed.
According to him, the waiting period until delivery applies only in the case where the duration of pregnancy exceeds four months and ten days, as will be mentioned in the next hadith.
➌
Initially, Lady Subai’ah radi Allahu anha also felt that the opinion of Abu Sanabil was correct, but upon asking the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, it became clear that the waiting period (‘iddah) ends as soon as the child is born. (See, Hadith: 2028)
➊
The waiting period (‘iddah) for a pregnant woman is until she gives birth.
This issue has been stated in the Noble Qur’an.
The command of Allah, the Exalted, is:
﴿وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ﴾ ()
“And the waiting period of pregnant women is until they deliver their burden (give birth).”
➋
The one who did not understand the correct practice of Lady Subai’ah radi Allahu anha was Abu Sanabil himself.
His opinion was that if childbirth occurs before the completion of four months and ten days, then the waiting period (‘iddah) should still be observed until four months and ten days are completed.
According to him, the waiting period until delivery applies only in the case where the duration of pregnancy exceeds four months and ten days, as will be mentioned in the next hadith.
➌
Initially, Lady Subai’ah radi Allahu anha also felt that the opinion of Abu Sanabil was correct, but upon asking the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, it became clear that the waiting period (‘iddah) ends as soon as the child is born. (See, Hadith: 2028)
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2027
