سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب الجهادBook of Jihad
بَابُ النَّفْلِ وَالسَّلَبِ فِي الْغَزْوِ وَالْجِهَادِ
Chapter on voluntary spoils and personal booty in battle and jihad
Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
Hadith 3866
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: نا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الثَّقَفِيِّ، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ قَتَلْتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْعَاصِ، وَأَخَذْتُ سَيْفَهُ، وَكَانَ يُسَمَّى ذَا الْكَتِيفَةِ، فَجِئْتُ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ قُتِلَ أَخِي عُمَيْرٌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اذْهَبْ فَاطْرَحْهُ فِي الْقَبَضِ» قَالَ: فَرَجَعْتُ وَبِي مَا لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ قَتْلِ أَخِي وَأَخْذِ سَلَبِي، فَمَا جَاوَزْتُ إِلَّا قَرِيبًا حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْأَنْفَالِ، فَدَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «اذْهَبْ فَخُذْ سَيْفَكَ»
Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: On the day of Badr, I killed Sa’id bin ‘As and took his sword (Dhul-Katifah). I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while my brother ‘Umayr had been killed. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Put it in the spoils.” I returned, and my heart was filled with grief that my brother had been killed and the wealth was also taken away. I had not gone far when Surah Al-Anfal was revealed, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called me and said: “Go and take your sword.”
Hadith 3867
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: أنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، بَارَزَ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَسُلِّمَ لَهُ سَلَبُهُ "
Nafi' (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that: On the day of Yamamah, Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) confronted a man and killed him, so his spoils (weapons and clothing) were given to him.
Hadith 3868
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: ثنا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عَمْرَو بْنَ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ وَهُوَ يُحَرِّضُ النَّاسَ عَلَى الْقِتَالِ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ كُونُوا أَسَدًا أَسَدًا أَغْنَى شَاتَهُ، إِنَّمَا الْفَارِسِيُّ تَيْسٌ إِذَا لَقِيَ يَتْرُكُهُ، فَبَيْنَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ بَوَّأَ لَهُ أَسْوَارٌ مِنْ أَسَاوِرَةِ فَارِسَ بِنُشَّابَةٍ، فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: يَا أَبَا ثَوْرٍ إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَسْوَارَ قَدْ بَوَّأَ إِلَيْكَ بِنُشَّابَتِهِ فَأَرْسَلَ الْآخَرُ بِنُشَّابَتِهِ، فَأَصَابَتْ سِيَةَ قَوْسِ عَمْرٍو، فَكَسَرَتْهَا، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ عَمْرٌو فَطَعَنَهُ، فَدَقَّ صُلْبَهُ، فَصَرَعَهُ، وَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ، فَقَطَعَ يَدَيْهِ، وَأَخَذَ سِوَارَيْنِ كَانَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَمْلَقًا مِنْ دِيبَاجٍ وَمِنْطَقَةً فَسُلِّمَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ "
Qais bin Abi Hazim (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I saw Amr bin Ma’di Karib on the day of Qadisiyyah encouraging people to fight and saying: “O people! Be like the lion, like the lion who has saved his goat. Indeed, the Persian is like a goat; when he faces him, he lets him go.” Meanwhile, a Persian officer shot an arrow, and we said: “O Abu Thawr! He is aiming at you with his arrow.” So he shot another arrow which struck the wood of Amr’s bow and broke it. Then Amr attacked him, struck him with a spear and broke his back, causing him to fall. Then he dismounted, cut off both his hands, and took his two bracelets, a silk cloak, and a belt, and all of this was given to Amr.
Hadith 3869
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ شِبْرِ بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ، قَالَ: بَارَزْتُ رَجُلًا يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ، وَأَخَذْتُ سَلَبَهُ، فَأَتَيْتُ بِهِ سَعْدًا فَخَطَبَ سَعْدٌ أَصْحَابَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ هَذَا سَلَبُ شِبْرٍ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، وَإِنَّا قَدْ نَفَّلْنَاهُ إِيَّاهُ»
Shabir bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: On the day of Qadisiyyah, I confronted a man, then killed him and took his spoils of war, then I brought it to Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him). So Sa’d addressed his companions, then said: “This is Shabir’s booty, which is better than twelve thousand, and we have given this wealth to him as a reward.”
Hadith 3870
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، سَمِعَ رَجُلًا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ يُقَالُ لَهُ: بِشْرُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ قَالَ: «بَارَزْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ فَارِسَ يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ فَبَلَغَ سَلَبُهُ اثْنَي عَشَرَ أَلْفًا فَنَفَّلَنِيهِ سَعْدٌ»
Bishr bin Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: On the day of Qadisiyyah, I confronted a man who was from among the Persians. His spoils amounted to twelve thousand dirhams, so Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) awarded that wealth to me as a gift.
Hadith 3871
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ الْجَزَرِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، أَنَّ يَهُودِيًّا قَالَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ: هَلْ مُبَارِزٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ابْرُزْ لَهُ يَا زُبَيْرُ» فَقَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ: وَاحِدِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ»: فَبَرَزَ لَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَلَبَهُ
It is narrated about Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of Khaybar, a Jew challenged for single combat, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Zubair! Go out to face him." Sayyidah Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O Messenger of Allah! He is my only son." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes." So Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) went out to face him and killed him, then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave his belongings as a reward to Sayyiduna Zubair.
Hadith 3872
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَفَّلَهُ سَلَبَ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَهُ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ، وَلَمْ يُخَمِّسْ "
Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave him, on the day of Hunayn, the spoils of a man whom he had killed, as a reward, and this wealth was not distributed (i.e., the khums was not taken out).
Hadith 3873
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ كَثِيرِ بْنِ أَفْلَحٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، وَكَانَ جَلِيسًا لِأَبِي قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ يَقُولُ: لَمَّا انْكَشَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ رَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ: أَمْرُ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ تَرَاجَعُوا بَعْدُ، فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي حَلْقَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَهُ، فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» وَقَدْ كُنْتُ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَخْتِلُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِيَقْتُلَهُ، فَأَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ، فَضَرَبْتُ يَدَيْهِ فَقَطَعَتْهُمَا، فَمَالَ عَلَيَّ فَاحْتَضَنَنِي، فَقُلْتُ: لَأَمُوتَنَّ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ تَحَلَّلَ عَنِّي فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَفَ، فَلَمَّا تَرَكَنِي مِلْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ، فَضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ، فَسَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى قَتِيلٍ قَتَلَهُ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقُمْتُ فَنَظَرْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ فَجَلَسْتُ، ثُمَّ إِنِّي قُمْتُ الثَّانِيَةَ، فَنَظَرْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ؟ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ , قَطَعْتُ يَدَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَتَلْتُهُ، وَلَيْسَ لِي بَيِّنَةٌ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَإِنَّ سَلَبَ هَذَا الَّذِي يَذْكُرُ لَمَعِي، أَوْ قَالَ لَعِنْدِي , قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلرَّجُلٍ: وَاللَّهِ مَا ذَاكَ لَكَ، رَجُلٌ يُقَاتِلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «صَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، ادْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ سَلَبَهُ» فَأَخَذْتُ السَّلَبَ فَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَخْرَفٍ أَصَبْتُهُ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ لَمِنْ ثَمَنِ ذَلِكَ السَّلَبِ
Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: When the Muslims retreated on the day of Hunayn, I saw Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked, “What is happening?” He replied, “This is Allah’s decree.” Then, when the people returned, I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), who was sitting among a group of companions, and he was saying: “Whoever kills someone with his own hand and presents evidence for it, then the spoils (salb) will belong to him.” I had seen a polytheist trying cunningly to kill a Muslim; I came from behind and cut off both his wrists. He attacked me, and I thought I would die, but he became weak due to blood loss and fell, so I struck his neck with my sword and killed him. When I stood up to testify, no one testified for me. Then, when I stood up a second time, still no one came, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Abu Qatadah! What happened?” I said, “O Messenger of Allah! I cut off a polytheist’s wrists and then killed him, but I have no witness.” A man said, “O Messenger of Allah! He has spoken the truth; his spoils are with me.” Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him, “By Allah! This wealth cannot be yours. A man who fought in defense of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Muslims—his spoils are his right.” So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Abu Bakr has spoken the truth; give this wealth to Abu Qatadah.” Thus, I took that wealth, and the very first wealth I acquired in Madinah was what I bought from the price of that salb.
Hadith 3874
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، قَالَ: غَزَوْنَا غَزْوَةً إِلَى طَرَفِ الشَّامِ فَأُمِّرَ عَلَيْنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، فَانْضَمَّ إِلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَمْدَادِ حِمْيَرَ يَأْوِي إِلَى رِحَالِنَا، وَلَيْسَ مَعَهُ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا سَيْفٌ لَهُ، لَيْسَ مَعَهُ سِلَاحٌ غَيْرُهُ، فَنَحَرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ جَزُورًا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَحْتَالُ حَتَّى أَخَذَ مِنْ جِلْدِهِ كَهَيْئَةِ الْمِجَنِّ، ثُمَّ بَسَطَهُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ، ثُمَّ أَوَقَدْ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى جَفَّ، فَجَعَلَ لَهُ مَمْسَكًا كَهَيْئَةِ التُّرْسِ، فَقُضِيَ لَنَا أَنْ لَقِينَا عَدُوَّنَا، وَفِيهِمْ أَخْلَاطٌ مِنَ الرُّومِ، وَالْعَرَبِ مِنْ قُضَاعَةَ، فَقَاتَلُونَا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الرُّومِ عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ أَشْقَرَ، وَسَرْجٍ مُذَهَّبٍ، وَمِنْطَقَةٍ مُلَطَّخَةٍ، وَسَيْفٍ مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ، فَجَعَلَ يَحْمِلُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ وَيُغْرِي بِهِمْ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ ذَلِكَ الْمَدَدِيُّ يَخْتِلُ لِذَلِكَ الرُّومِيِّ حَتَّى مَرَّ بِهِ، فَاسْتَقْفَاهُ، فَضَرَبَ عُرْقُوبَ فَرَسِهِ بِالسَّيْفِ، ثُمَّ وَقَعَ وَأَتْبَعَهُ ضَرْبًا بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ الْفَتْحَ أَقْبَلْ يُسْلِبُ السَّلَبَ، وَقَدْ شَهِدَ لَهُ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ قَاتِلُهُ، فَأَعْطَاهُ خَالِدٌ بَعْضَ سَلَبِهِ، وَأَمْسَكَ سَائِرَهُ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى رَحْلِ عَوْفٍ، ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ عَوْفٌ: ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَلْيُعْطِكَ مَا بَقِيَ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ، فَمَشَى حَتَّى أَتَى خَالِدًا فَقَالَ: أَمَا تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ، قَالَ: بَلَى، قَالَ: فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِ سَلَبَ قَتِيلِهِ؟ قَالَ خَالِدٌ: اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ لَهُ، فَقَالَ عَوْفٌ: لَئِنْ رَأَيْتُ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَأَذْكُرَنَّ ذَلِكَ لَهُ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ بَعَثَهُ فَاسْتَعْدَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَدَعَا خَالِدًا، وَعَوْفٌ قَاعِدٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَدْفَعَ إِلَى هَذَا سَلَبَ قَتِيلِهِ؟» قَالَ: اسْتَكْثَرْتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: «فَادْفَعْ إِلَيْهِ»، قَالَ: فَمَرَّ بِعَوْفٍ، فَجَرَّ عَوْفٌ بِرِدَائِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَدْ أَنْجَزْتُ لَكَ مَا ذَكَرْتُ لَكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَمِعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتُغْضِبَ، فَقَالَ: «لَا تُعْطِهِ يَا خَالِدُ لَا تُعْطِهِ يَا خَالِدُ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ تَارِكُو لِي أُمَرَائِي، إِنَّمَا مَثَلُكُمْ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اسْتُرْعِيَ إِبِلًا وَغَنَمًا، فَرَعَاهَا، ثُمَّ تَحَيَّنَ سَقْيَهَا، فَأَوْرَدَهَا حَوْضَهُ، فَشَرَعَتْ فِيهِ فَشَرِبَتْ صَفْوَهُ، وَتَرَكَتْ كَدَرَهُ، فَصَفْوُهُ أَمْرُهُ لَكُمْ، وَكَدَرُهُ عَلَيْهِمْ» وَإِذَا تَنَازَعَ رَجُلَانِ فِي الْقَتِيلِ، وَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا: يَقُولُ أَنَا قَتَلْتُهُ , وَلَيْسَ بِالْعِلْجِ رَمَقٌ، وَلَا بَيِّنَةٌ لِوَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فَالسَّلَبُ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَإِنْ كَانَ بِالْعِلْجِ رَمَقٌ فَالسَّلَبُ لِمَنْ قَالَ الْعِلْجُ: إِنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ
Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik Ashja'i (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: We went for jihad with an army to the borders of Syria, and Sayyiduna Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) was appointed as our commander. With us was also a helper (madadi) from Yemen, who had only one sword and no other weapon. When a Muslim slaughtered a camel, this helper made its skin into a shield, hardened it over fire, and used it as a shield. When we met the enemy, among them were Romans and Arabs from the Quda'ah tribe. Among them was a Roman horseman with a golden saddle and valuable weapons, who was attacking the Muslims very bravely. The helper found an opportunity and struck the horse's hind leg with his sword; it fell, so he killed the Roman and took his belongings. When victory was achieved, he tried to take the spoils, but Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with him) gave him a part and withheld the rest. The helper complained to Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik, so Awf said: "Go back and ask again." When he asked again, Khalid refused. The helper said to Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik that if I see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I will complain to him. When they reached Madinah, the helper complained to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet called Khalid and said: "Why did you not give him the spoils of his slain?" Khalid said: "O Messenger of Allah! I considered it too much for him." So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Give him the spoils!" Then when the helper came to Sayyiduna Awf, Awf said: "See! I told you." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) disliked this and said: "Do not stop Khalid! Do not trouble my commanders! Your example is like the one who was made a guardian over camels and goats, so he gave them water, drank the clear water himself, and left the muddy water for them." (And he further said) that if two people dispute over a slain person and there is no testimony, then the spoils will be divided between them, and if there is any sign of life with the slain and he testifies in favor of one, then the spoils will belong to him.
Hadith 3875
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، مَرَّةً أُخْرَى عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ، وَخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِالسَّلَبِ لِلْقَاتِلِ وَلَمْ يُخَمِّسِ السَّلَبَ»
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Awf bin Malik Ashja'i and Sayyiduna Khalid bin Walid (may Allah be pleased with them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided to give the spoils (salb) to the killer in battle, and no khums was taken out from this salb.
Hadith 3876
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: «بَارَزَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْيَهُودِ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَرْحَبٌ، فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَخَذَ سَلَبَهُ»
Imam Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) engaged in single combat with a Jew whose name was Marhab, killed him, and obtained his war booty.
Hadith 3877
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ (1)، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حُدَيْجٍ فِي غَزْوَةٍ بِالْمَغْرِبِ فَنَفَّلَ النَّاسَ، وَمَعَنَا أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمْ يَرْدُدْ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُ جَبَلَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ .
Bukair bin Sulayman (may Allah have mercy on him) says: We were in a battle in the West with Sayyiduna Muawiyah bin Hudaij (may Allah be pleased with him). He distributed the spoils of war among the army, and the noble Companions were also present with us, but no one objected except Jabalah bin Amr Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him); he objected.
Hadith 3878
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُنَفِّلُ الثُّلُثَ فِي بَدْأَتِهِ "
Sayyiduna Habib bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that at the beginning of the attack, he gave one third (of the spoils of war) as a reward.
Hadith 3879
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ جَارِيَةَ التَّمِيمِيِّ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ، قَالَ: «نَفَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الثُّلُثَ وَالرُّبُعَ» قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ: فَسَمِعَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ أَذْكُرُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، فَقَالَ: «الرُّبُعُ فِي بَدْأَتِهِ، وَالثُّلُثَ فِي رَجْعَتِهِ»
Sayyiduna Habib bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) granted one third and one fourth (of the spoils of war) as a reward. Ubaydullah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: When I mentioned this hadith, Sulayman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "At the beginning of the attack, one fourth was given, and upon return, one third (as a reward) was given."
Hadith 3880
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْحَجَّاجَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّضْرِيَّ عَنِ النَّفْلِ، فَقَالَ: «نَفَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ» وَلَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ مَنْ يُسْنِدُهُ إِلَّا إِجْلَالًا لَهُ
Imam Mak'hool (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I asked Hajjaj bin Abdullah Al-Nazari about the reward (nafl) in the spoils of war, so he said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave one third and one fourth as nafl." (Imam Mak'hool says) Due to his greatness, I did not have the courage to ask him for the chain of narration.
Hadith 3881
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «نَفَّلَهُمْ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ خَرَجُوا فِيهَا قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ، فَغَنِمُوا إِبِلًا كَثِيرَةً فَنَفَّلَهُمْ بَعِيرًا بَعِيرًا، وَكَانَتْ سُهْمَانُهُمُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ بَعِيرًا، وَلَمْ يَكُونُوا خَرَجُوا عَلَى نَفْلِ شَيْءٍ»
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dispatched a detachment towards Najd, which obtained many camels as spoils of war. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave each of them one camel as a voluntary gift, even though they had not set out with any specific promise of such a gift, and their shares amounted to twelve camels each.
Hadith 3882
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ رَجَاءِ بْنِ حَيْوَةَ، وَعُبَادَةَ بْنِ نُسَيٍّ، وَعَدِيِّ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ الْكِنْدِيِّ، وَمَكْحُولٍ، [7/308] وَسُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى، وَيَزِيدَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ، وَيَحْيَى بْنِ جَابِرٍ، وَالْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَيَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي مَالِكٍ، وَالْمُتَوَكِّلِ بْنِ اللَّيْثِ، وَابْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ، وَالْمُجَارِي (1)أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ: « لَا نَفَلَ إِلَّا فِي أَوَّلِ الْمَغْنَمِ » .
Muhammad bin Uthman (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that Raja bin Haywah, ‘Ubadah bin Nusay, ‘Adi bin ‘Adi Kindi, Mak’hool, Sulaiman bin Musa, Yazid bin Yazid bin Jabir, Yahya bin Jabir, Qasim bin Abdur Rahman, Yazid bin Abi Malik, Mutawakkil bin Laith, Ibn ‘Utaybah, and Muharibi all said: “Nafl (reward) is given only from the first portion of the spoils of war.”
Hadith 3883
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، قَالَ: «مَا كَانُوا يُنَفِّلُونَ إِلَّا مِنَ الْخُمُسِ»
Imam Sa'id bin al-Musayyib, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "They used to give that nafl (voluntary charity) only from the khums (one-fifth share)."
Hadith 3884
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: قَالَتْ لِي عَائِشَةُ: «يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي نَفَّلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَخِي عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ لَيْلَى بِنْتَ الْجُودِيِّ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْ سَبْيِ دِمَشْقَ، فَرَأَيْتُهَا عِنْدِي مَا أَعْرِفُ لَهَا قِيمَةً مِنْ جَمَالِهَا وَفَضْلِهَا وَحُسْنِهَا»
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O my nephew! Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) gave my brother Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) Layla bint Judi (one of the slave women of Damascus) as a gift. I found her with me, and I have never known any price for such beauty, perfection, and excellence as hers."
