سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب الجهادBook of Jihad
بَابُ الْإِشَارَةِ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ
Chapter on signaling to the polytheists and fulfilling covenants
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Hadith 3774
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: «وَاللَّهِ، لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَشَارَ بِأُصْبُعِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ إِلَى مُشْرِكٍ، فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَتَلَهُ، لَقَتَلْتُهُ بِهِ»
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah! If any one of you points towards a polytheist with his finger, and upon seeing that gesture, the polytheist comes down and then he kills him, I will kill him in retribution for that murder."
Hadith 3775
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: نا مُوسَى بْنُ عُبَيْدَةَ الرَّبَذِيُّ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كُرَيْزٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: " أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَشَارَ بِأُصْبُعِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَدَعَا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَنَزَلَ، فَإِنْ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَقْتُلَنَّكِ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، إِنَّمَا يَنْزِلُ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقِهِ "
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "If a Muslim points towards the sky with his finger and a polytheist comes down and swears an oath saying, 'I will not kill you,' then he is granted protection, because he has come down upon the covenant and pledge of Allah."
Hadith 3776
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو شِهَابٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ شَقِيقِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، قَالَ: أَتَأَنَا كِتَابُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَنَحْنُ بِخَانِقِينَ لِهِلَالِ رَمَضَانَ مِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ، فَلَمْ يَعِبِ الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ، وَلَا الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ: «أَنَّ الْأَهِلَّةَ بَعْضُهَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلَالَ نَهَارًا، فَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ شَاهِدَانِ أَنَّهُمَا رَأَيَاهُ بِالْأَمْسِ، وَإِذَا حَاصَرْتُمْ أَهْلَ حِصْنٍ، فَأَرَادُوكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تُنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللَّهِ فَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللَّهِ، فَإِنَّكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ مَا حُكْمُ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ، وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكُمْ، ثُمَّ احْكُمُوا فِيهِمْ مَا شِئْتُمْ، وَإِذَا قُلْتُمْ لَا بَأْسَ أَوْ لَا تَدْهَلْ أَوْ مَتْرَسْ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُمُوهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ الْأَلْسِنَةَ»
Sayyiduna Abu Wa’il Shaqiq bin Salamah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: We received a letter from Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) in Khaniqin regarding the sighting of the Ramadan moon. Some had fasted and some had broken their fast, but no one objected to the other. The letter stated: “When you see the moon during the day, do not break your fast until two witnesses testify that they saw the moon the previous day. And when, during a siege, it is said to the people of a fortress to come down according to Allah’s command, then let them come down according to your decision, because you do not know what Allah’s command is regarding them. And if you say «لا بأس» or «لا تدخل» or «مطرس», then this is a guarantee of safety, because Allah knows the tongues.”
Hadith 3777
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ شَقِيقٍ، بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ: وَإِذَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ لِلرَّجُلِ: لَا تَخَفْ فَقَدْ أَمَّنَهُ، وَإِذَا قَالَ: مَطْرَسْ فَقَدْ أَمَّنَهُ، وَإِذَا قَالَ: لَا تَدْحَلْ، فَقَدْ أَمَّنَهُ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ الْأَلْسِنَةَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Shaqiq (may Allah have mercy on him) that: "If someone says to another «لا تخف» (Do not be afraid), then he has granted him protection. And if he says «مطرس» or «لا تدخل», then he has also granted protection, because Allah knows the meanings of tongues."
Hadith 3778
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: نا جَامِعُ بْنُ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ، عَنْ مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، قَالَ: " ثَلَاثٌ يُؤَدِّينَ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ: الْعَهْدُ تَفِي بِهِ إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ، وَالرَّحِمُ تَصِلُهَا بَرَّةً كَانَتْ أَوْ فَاجِرَةً، وَالْأَمَانَةُ تُؤَدِّيهَا إِلَى الْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ "
Maymun bin Mahran (may Allah have mercy on him) says: "Three things should be fulfilled with both the good and the bad: fulfill the covenant whether the person is good or bad, maintain kinship ties whether the person is good or bad, and return the trust whether the person is good or bad."
Hadith 3779
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ فِي جَيْشٍ فِيهِ سَلْمَانُ، فَحَاصَرْنَا قَصْرًا فَأَمَّنَّاهُمْ، وَفَتَحْنَا الْقَصْرَ، وَخَلَّفْنَا فِيهِ صَاحِبًا لَنَا مَرِيضًا، ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلْنَا، فَجَاءَ بَعْدَنَا جَيْشٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ، وَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا بَأَمَانِنَا، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّ أَصْحَابَكُمْ قَدْ آمَنُونَا، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلُوا ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ، فَفَتَحُوا الْقَصْرَ عَنْوَةً، وَقَتَلُوا الرَّجُلَ الْمَرِيضَ، ثُمَّ حَمَلُوا الذُّرِّيَّةَ حَتَّى أَتَوْا بِهِمْ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيَّ الْعَسْكَرَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ سَلْمَانُ: «احْمِلُوا الذُّرِّيَّةَ فَرَدُّوهَا إِلَى الْقَصْرِ، وَأَمَّا الدَّمَ فَيَقْضِي فِيهِ عُمَرُ»
Abdur Rahman bin Yazid (may Allah have mercy on him) says: We set out with an army in which Sayyiduna Salman al-Farsi (may Allah be pleased with him) was also present. We besieged a fort and granted its people amnesty. Leaving behind a sick companion, we moved forward. Later, another army arrived, and not knowing about the amnesty, they took the fort by force and martyred the sick companion. When this news reached Sayyiduna Salman (may Allah be pleased with him), he ordered that the women and children be returned to the fort, and that the decision regarding the blood would be made by Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).
Hadith 3780
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَعَلَّكُمْ تُقَاتِلُونَ قَوْمًا فَتَظْهرُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَتَّقُونَكُمْ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ دُونَ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَأَبْنَائِهِمْ، فَيُصَالِحُونَكُمْ عَلَى صُلْحٍ، فَلَا تُصِيبُوا مِنْهُمْ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَكُمْ» قَالَ: فَصَحِبْتُ الْجُهَنِيَّ إِلَى أَرْضِ الرُّومِ، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا أَتْقَى لِلْأَرْضِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا مِنْهُ
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Perhaps you will fight against a people, and they will protect their lives and children from you by means of their wealth and make peace with you, so do not take from them more than that, for it is not lawful for you." The narrator says: I traveled with this Juhani companion as far as the land of Rome, and I found him extremely cautious in taking anything from the land.
Hadith 3781
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ، أَنَّ عَامِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْيَحْصِبِيِّ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَهُ بِمِخْلَاةٍ فِيهَا حَشِيشٌ أَوْ تِبْنٌ أَخَذَهَا مِنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلرَّجُلِ: «مَا هَذَا؟» قَالَ: أَخَذْتُهُ، وَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ , قَالَ: «أُخْفِرَتْ ذِمَّتِي أُخْفِرَتْ ذِمَّتِي، أُخْفِرَتْ ذِمَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ» قَالَ: فَذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ، فَأَعْطَاهَا صَاحِبَهَا، ثُمَّ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَلَمْ تَحْتَجْ إِلَى مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ؟» قَالَ: بَلَى , قَالَ: «فَهُوَ إِلَى الَّذِي لَهُ أَحْوَجُ»
A man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) with a pouch containing straw or chaff, which he had taken from a dhimmi. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "What is this?" He replied: "It is nothing." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "You have broken my protection, you have broken my protection!" The man went and returned the property, then came back and informed (the Prophet). The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Did you need that property?" He replied: "Yes." The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Then the owner of that property was in greater need of it than you."
Hadith 3782
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، قَالَ: نا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ سُرَاقَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ، كَتَبَ لِأَهْلِ دَيْرِ طَيَايَا: هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ لِأَهْلِ دَيْرِ طَيَايَا، إِنِّي قَدْ أَمَّنْتُكُمْ عَلَى دِمَائِكُمْ، وَأَمْوَالِكُمْ، وَكَنَائِسَكُمْ أَنْ تُسْكَنَ أَوْ تُخَرَّبَ مَا لَمْ تُحْدِثُوا، أَوْ تَأْوُوا مُحْدِثًا مَغِيلَهُ، فَإِذَا أَنْتُمْ أَحْدَثْتُمْ أَوْ آوَيْتُمْ مُحْدِثًا مَغِيلَهُ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْكُمُ الذِّمَّةُ، وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ إِقْرَاءَ الضَّيْفِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَإِنَّ ذِمَّتَنَا بَرِيَّةٌ مِنْ مَعَرَّةِ الْجَيْشِ. شَهِدَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، وَشُرَحْبِيلُ ابْنُ حَسَنَةَ، وَقُضَاعِيُّ بْنُ عَامِرٍ "
Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote for the people of Deir Tiya: "This is from Abu Ubaidah to the people of Deir Tiya, that I have granted you safety for your lives, your wealth, and your churches, that neither will your residences be interfered with nor your churches be demolished, as long as you do not commit any new mischief or give refuge to any mischief-maker. If you do so, the protection will be void. And it is obligatory upon you to host a guest for three days. And our protection is free from the oppression of the army." Witnessed by: Khalid bin Walid, Yazid bin Abi Sufyan, Shurahbil bin Hasana, and Quda'ah bin Amir.
Hadith 3783
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ، رَجُلٌ أَسَرَتْهُ الدَّيْلَمُ، فَأَخَذُوا عَلَيْهِ عَهْدًا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْمَالِ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا، وَإِلَّا رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ , فَأَرْسَلُوهُ، فَلَمْ يَجِدْ , قَالَ: «يَفِي لَهُمْ بِالْعَهْدِ» قَالَ: إِنَّهُمْ مُشْرِكُونَ، فَأَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَفِيَ لَهُمْ بِالْعَهْدِ
Muhammad bin Suqah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: I was sitting with Ata bin Abi Rabah (may Allah have mercy on him) when a man came and said: "O Abu Muhammad! A man was captured by the Daylam, and they took a promise from him to bring wealth, otherwise he would have to return." He was released, but did not find the wealth. Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "He must fulfill the promise." The man said: "They are polytheists." Ata still ordered him to fulfill the promise.
Hadith 3784
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا خَالِدٌ، وَهُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَطِيَّةَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَتَبَ: «أَنَّ مَتْرَسْ أَمَانٌ فَمَنْ قُلْتُمُوهَا لَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ»
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote: “«مترس» (i.e., the words of protection) is a guarantee of safety; whoever you say this word to will be in safety.”
