سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب النكاحBook of Marriage
بَابُ نِكَاحِ الْأَمَةِ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ وَالْحُرَّةِ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ
Chapter: Marrying a slave woman along with a free woman, and a free woman along with a slave woman
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Hadith 1899
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ قَالَ: أنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ، يَقُولُ: «تُنْكَحُ الْحُرَّةُ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ، وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ، وَيُقْسَمُ بَيْنَهُمَا الثُّلُثُ لِلْأَمَةِ، وَالثُّلُثَانِ لِلْحُرَّةِ»
Hazrat Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "A free woman will be given preference over a slave woman in marriage; a slave woman will not be given preference over a free woman in marriage, and a slave woman will be given one third and a free woman two thirds of the turn."
Hadith 1900
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ قَالَ: أنا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ: «تُنْكَحُ الْحُرَّةُ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ، وَيُقْسَمُ لِلْأَمَةِ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا الْحُرَّةَ الثُّلُثَ، وَلِلْحُرَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ»
Hazrat Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "A free woman will be given preference over a slave woman in marriage, and a slave woman will be given one third and a free woman will be given two thirds of the turn."
Hadith 1901
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، قَالَ: «تُنْكَحُ الْحُرَّةُ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَشَاءَ هِيَ ذَلِكَ»
Hazrat Saeed bin Al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "A free woman will be given preference over a slave woman in marriage, however, if the free woman herself gives permission, then the slave woman can also be taken in marriage."
Hadith 1902
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ زِرٍّ، وَعَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَسَدِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: " إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَقَسَمَ بَيْنَهُمَا: لِلْأَمَةِ الثُّلُثُ وَلِلْحُرَّةِ الثُّلُثَانِ "
Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "When someone marries a slave woman along with a free woman, the slave woman will be given one third of the turn and the free woman will be given two thirds of the turn."
Hadith 1903
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا مَنْصُورٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ نِكَاحَ الْإِمَاءِ فِي زَمَانِهِ، وَقَالَ: «إِنَّمَا رُخِّصَ فِيهِنَّ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ طَوْلًا لِلْحُرَّةِ»
Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In their time, they considered marriage to slave women as disliked, and they used to say that marriage to them is only permissible when one is not able to marry a free woman."
Hadith 1904
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ
It is narrated from Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) that he also said the same.
Hadith 1905
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا أَبُو بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمْ طَوْلًا} [النساء: 25] قَالَ " الطَّوْلُ: الْغَنَاءُ، إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ مَا يَنْكِحُ بِهِ الْحُرَّةَ تَزَوَّجَ أَمَةً "
Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the explanation of the noble verse «وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمْ طَوْلًا» [النساء: 25]: "By 'tawl' is meant wealth; if a person does not possess the means to marry a free woman, then he should marry a slave woman."
Hadith 1906
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ قَالَ: أنا مُغِيرَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَأَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ يُفَارِقَ الْأَمَةَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَ الْعَنَتَ، فَإِنْ خَافَ الْعَنَتَ أَمْسَكَهَا، وَقَسَمَ لَهَا الثُّلُثَ، وَلِلْحُرَّةِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ»
Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "When a free woman marries a man who already has a slave woman, then in my view it is preferable that he should leave the slave woman. However, if there is fear of falling into adultery, then he may keep her, and he should give the slave woman one third and the free woman two thirds of the turn, whether it is regarding intimacy or wealth."
Hadith 1907
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، نا هُشَيْمٌ، نا عُبَيْدَةُ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي: «هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا الْعَنَتُ؟» قُلْتُ: وَمَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ: «الزِّنَا»
It is narrated from Hazrat Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that he said: "Do you know what 'Anat' is?" I said: "No." He said: "'Anat' refers to adultery."
Hadith 1908
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، وَجُوَيْبِرٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، أَنَّهُمَا قَالَا: " الْعَنَتُ: الزِّنَا "
Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair (may Allah have mercy on him) and Hazrat Dhahhak (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The meaning of 'Anat' is adultery."
Hadith 1909
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، أنا أَبُو بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: " مَا ازْلَحَفَّ نَاكِحُ الْأَمَةِ عَنِ الزِّنَا إِلَّا قَلِيلًا {وَأَنْ تَصْبِرُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ} [النساء: 25] قَالَ: عَنْ نِكَاحِ الْإِمَاءِ "
Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "One who marries a slave woman is much less protected from adultery." «وَأَنْ تَصْبِرُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ» [النساء: 25] That is, it is better not to marry slave women.
Hadith 1910
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ قَالَ: أنا ابْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، قَالَ: «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَهُوَ طَلَاقُ الْأَمَةِ، هُوَ كَصَاحِبِ الْمَيْتَةِ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا مَا اضْطُرَّ إِلَيْهَا، فَإِذَا اسْتَغْنَى عَنْهَا فَلْيُمْسِكْ»
Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "When a free man marries a slave woman while he has a free woman, the divorce of the slave woman will be counted. This is like someone eating carrion out of necessity; when he becomes independent, he should leave it."
Hadith 1911
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ فِي نِكَاحِ الْحُرَّةِ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ، قَالَ: «هِيَ كَالْمَيْتَةِ تَضْطَرُّ إِلَيْهَا فَإِذَا أَغْنَاكَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فَاسْتَغْنِ»
Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "Marriage with a slave woman is like eating carrion, from which benefit is taken at the time of necessity, and when Allah grants abundance, it should be abandoned."
Hadith 1912
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا مُطَرِّفٌ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَهُوَ طَلَاقُ الْأَمَةِ، وَلَا يَجْتَمِعَانِ إِلَّا لِمَمْلُوكٍ»
Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "When a free man marries a slave woman while he is married to a free woman, the slave woman is divorced, and both cannot remain together, except if he himself is a slave."
Hadith 1913
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الْعَبْدِ: «إِذَا كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ حُرَّةٌ فَإِنْ شَاءَ تَزَوَّجَ عَلَيْهَا أَمَةً»
Hazrat Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "If a slave has a free woman in marriage, he may, if he wishes, also marry a slave woman over her."
Hadith 1914
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، أنا مُغِيرَةُ، وَسَيَّارٌ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «إِذَا وَجَدَ طَوْلًا لِلْحُرَّةِ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْأَمَةُ»
Hazrat Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "If someone possesses the means to marry a free woman, then a slave woman becomes unlawful for him."
Hadith 1915
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْحُرَّةَ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ فَلَهَا الثُّلُثَانِ وَلِلْأَمَةِ الثُّلُثُ»
Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "When someone marries a free woman along with a slave woman, the free woman should be given two-thirds of the turn and the slave woman one-third."
Hadith 1916
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: «أَيُّمَا حُرٍّ تَزَوَّجَ أَمَةً فَقَدْ أَرَقَّ نِصْفَهُ، وَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ تَزَوَّجَ حُرَّةً فَقَدْ أَعْتَقَ نِصْفَهُ» .
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Whoever a free man marries a slave woman, he makes half of himself a slave, and whoever a slave marries a free woman, he makes half of himself free."
Hadith 1917
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ، مِثْلَهُ
It is narrated from Hazrat Sa'id bin al-Musayyib (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said this same thing.
Hadith 1918
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ الْحَسَنَ، يَقُولُ: «نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ تُنْكَحَ الْأَمَةُ عَلَى الْحُرَّةِ»
Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade that a slave woman be brought into marriage over a free woman."
Hadith 1919
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: «نِكَاحُ الْحُرَّةِ عَلَى الْأَمَةِ طَلَاقُهَا»
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: "For a free woman to marry a slave woman will be counted as the slave woman's divorce."
Hadith 1920
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مِنَ السُّنَّةِ أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ الْحُرَّةَ إِذَا كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَنْكِحُ عَلَيْهَا الْأَمَةَ فَهِيَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَتْ فَارَقَتْهُ، وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ أَقَامَتْ، وَإِنْ أَقَامَتْ عَلَى ضِرَارٍ فَلَهَا يَوْمَانِ، وَلِلْأَمَةِ يَوْمٌ»
Sulaiman bin Yasar (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Sunnah is that if a man keeps a slave woman and a free woman in marriage, then the free woman has the choice: if she wishes, she may leave him, or if she wishes, she may remain. And if she chooses to remain despite the harm, then the free woman will have two days and the slave woman will have one day in turn."
