سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب ولاية العصبةBook of Agnatic Guardianship ('Asabah)
وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ «عَاقَدَ رَجُلًا فَوَرِثَهُ»
Abu Bakr had made a contract with a man, so he inherited from him
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Hadith 1436
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ: " كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُعَاقِدُ الرَّجُلَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَيَقُولُ: تَرِثُنِي وَأَرِثُكَ فَيَكُونُ لَهُ السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ، ثُمَّ يَقْسِمُ أَهْلُ الْمِيرَاثِ مَوَارِيثَهُمْ فَنَسَخَتْهَا {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب: 6]
Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "In the time of ignorance, a man would make an agreement with another that 'I will be your heir and you will be mine,' so the one who made the agreement would receive one-sixth, then the rest of the heirs would divide the remaining wealth among themselves. Then Allah the Exalted abrogated this through 'But those of blood relationship are nearer to one another' [الأحزاب: 6]."
Hadith 1437
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ} [النساء: 33] قَالَ: «الْعَصَبَةُ»، (وَالَّذِينَ عَاقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ) قَالَ: «الْحُلَفَاءُ» {فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء: 33] «مِنَ الْعَقْلِ وَالنَّصْرِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ»
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the explanation of Allah Almighty’s statement ‘And for all We have made heirs’ [النساء: 33]: “What is meant are the ‘asabat (male relatives through the father).” And in the explanation of ‘And those with whom your right hands have made a covenant’: “What is meant are the allies.” And he gave the meaning of ‘So give them their share’ [النساء: 33] as: “Blood money, help, and maintenance.”
