سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب ولاية العصبةBook of Agnatic Guardianship ('Asabah)
بَابُ لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ
Chapter on people of two religions not inheriting from each other
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Hadith 1312
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ، وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim."
Hadith 1313
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ» قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: قَالَ هُشَيْمٌ: سَمِعْتُهُ أَوْ أُخْبِرْتُهُ عَنْهُ
Az-Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sayyiduna Usamah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "People of two different religions do not inherit from one another." Sa'id said: Hushaym said: "I heard it myself or I was informed about it."
Hadith 1314
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ شَتَّى»
Amr bin Shu'aib narrated from his father and his grandfather that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Two people of different religions do not inherit from each other."
Hadith 1315
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ شَتَّى، وَلَا يَحْجُبُ مَنْ لَا يَرِثُ»
Anas bin Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Two people of different religions do not inherit from each other, and whoever is not an heir cannot prevent anyone from inheriting."
Hadith 1316
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا جُوَيْبِرٌ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ شَتَّى»
Dhahhak (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Two people of different religions do not inherit from each other."
Hadith 1317
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ شَتَّى»
Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Two people of different religions do not inherit from each other."
Hadith 1318
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، وَهُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: «لَا نَرِثُ أَهْلَ الْمِلَلِ وَلَا يَرِثُونَنَا»
It is narrated from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "We do not make the people of another religion our heirs, nor do they make us their heirs."
Hadith 1319
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو وَكِيعٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَمْلُوكَهُ»
It is narrated from Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever except in the case where he is his slave."
Hadith 1320
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ»
It is narrated from Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever."
Hadith 1321
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ، قَالَ: نا الشَّعْبِيُّ، أَنَّ الْأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ، وَفَدَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فِي مِيرَاثِ عَمَّةٍ لَهُ يَهُودِيَّةٍ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: " أَجِئْتَنِي فِي مِيرَاثِ الْمُغْزِلَةِ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ؟ فَقَالَ: أَوَلَسْتُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَا؟ قَالَ: أَهْلُ مِلَّتِهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهَا، لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ "
Shu'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Ash'ath bin Qais came to our master Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding the inheritance of his Jewish aunt. So our master Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Have you come to claim the inheritance of Maghzalah bint Harith?" Ash'ath said: "Am I not more entitled to it?" He replied: "Those of her religion are more entitled to her. People of two different religions do not inherit from one another."
Hadith 1322
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنبأ دَاوُدُ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: بَلَغَ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ مَنَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ مَكَانُ مِيرَاثِهِمْ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: «نَرِثُهُمْ وَلَا يَرِثُونَنَا» . فَقَالَ مَسْرُوقُ بْنُ الْأَجْدَعِ: مَا أُحْدِثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ قَضَاءٌ أَعْجَبُ مِنْهُ
Shu'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) received the news that some Arabs were refraining from accepting Islam only because of the inheritance of their forefathers, he said: "We will inherit from them, but they will not inherit from us." So Masruq bin Ajda' (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "No stranger judgment has been made in Islam than this."
Hadith 1323
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا مُجَالِدٌ، قَالَ: نا الشَّعْبِيُّ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَقَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ الْإِسْلَامَ يَضُرُّنِي أَمْ يَنْفَعُنِي؟ قَالَ: بَلْ يَنْفَعُكَ، فَمَا ذَاكَ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ نَصْرَانِيًّا، فَمَاتَ أَبُوهُ عَلَى نَصْرَانِيَّتِهِ وَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ، فَقَالَ إِخْوَتِي وَهُمْ نَصَارَى: نَحْنُ أَوْلَى بِمِيرَاثِ أَبِينَا مِنْكَ. فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: ايتِنِي بِهِمْ. فَأَتَاهُ بِهِمْ، فَقَالَ: " أَنْتُمْ وَهُوَ فِي مِيرَاثِ أَبِيكُمْ شَرْعٌ سَوَاءٌ وَكَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ إِلَى زِيَادٍ " أَنْ وَرِّثِ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ، وَلَا تُوَرِّثِ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى كِتَابُهُ إِلَى زِيَادٍ، أَرْسَلَ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ، فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُوَرِّثَ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ، وَلَا يُوَرِّثَ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ. وَكَانَ شُرَيْحٌ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ، وَلَا الْمُسْلِمَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ، فَلَمَّا أَمَرَهُ زِيَادٌ قَضَى بِقَوْلِهِ، فَكَانَ إِذَا قَضَى بِذَلِكَ يَقُولُ: هَذَا قَضَاءُ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ "
Shu'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: A man came to Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "Is Islam harmful or beneficial for me?" He replied: "Beneficial." He said: "My father was a Christian and died as a Christian, and I am a Muslim. My Christian brothers say that they are more entitled to our father's inheritance." So Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) called them and said: "You are all equal in inheritance." Then Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to Sayyiduna Ziyad (may Allah be pleased with him): "Let the Muslim inherit from the disbeliever, but do not let the disbeliever inherit from the Muslim." And when this order reached Ziyad, he called Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) and ordered him to judge accordingly, so whenever Shurayh (may Allah have mercy on him) judged in this way, he would say: "This is the decision of the Commander of the Faithful."
Hadith 1324
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: أنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَضَى مُعَاوِيَةُ بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَعْقِلٍ: مَا أُحْدِثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ قَضَاءٌ بَعْدَ قَضَاءِ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُوَ أَعْجَبُ إِلَيَّ مِنْ قَضَاءِ مُعَاوِيَةَ: «إِنَّا نَرِثُهُمْ وَلَا يَرِثُونَنَا، كَمَا أَنَّ النِّكَاحَ يَحِلُّ لَنَا فِيهِمْ، وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهُمْ فِينَا»
It is narrated from Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) that when Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) issued this ruling, Abdullah bin Ma'qil (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "After the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the ruling in Islam that I liked the most is this ruling of Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him): that we are their heirs and they are not our heirs, just as in marriage we can marry their women but they cannot marry our women."
Hadith 1325
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: نا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: كَانَ عَلِيٌّ «لَا يَحْجُبُ بِالْيَهُودِيِّ، وَلَا بِالنَّصْرَانِيِّ، وَلَا بِالْمَجُوسِيِّ، وَلَا بِالْمَمْلُوكِ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُهُمْ، وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَحْجُبُ بِهِمْ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُهُمْ»
It is narrated from Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) used to decide that: "A Jew, Christian, Magian, or slave does not prevent any heir from inheritance, but they are also not made heirs." And Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) used to prevent them, but would not make them heirs.
Hadith 1326
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا أَبُو شِهَابٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ «أَعْتَقَ عَبْدًا لَهُ نَصْرَانِيًّا، فَمَاتَ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا، فَأَمَرَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ مَا تَرَكَ أَنْ يُجْعَلَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
Yahya bin Sa'id (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Sayyiduna Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) freed one of his Christian slaves, and then when he died leaving behind wealth, he ordered that: "His left-behind wealth should be deposited into the Bayt al-Mal (public treasury)."
Hadith 1327
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ غُلَامٍ أُمُّهُ أَمَةٌ، وَجَدَّتُهُ أُمُّ أُمِّهِ حُرَّةٌ فَمَاتَ قَالَ: «تَرِثُهُ جَدَّتُهُ»
Hisham bin Urwah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from his father that he was asked about a boy whose mother was a slave woman and whose maternal grandmother was free. When the boy died, he said: "His maternal grandmother will inherit from him."
Hadith 1328
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: «كَانَ رَأْيُ الْفُقَهَاءِ الَّذِينَ يُنْتَهَى إِلَيْهِمْ أَنَّ الْمَمْلُوكَ لَا يَرِثُ، وَلَا يَحْجُبُ، وَأَنَّ الْكَافِرَ لَا يَرِثُ وَلَا يَحْجُبُ، وَأَنَّ مَنْ عُمِّيَ مَوْتُهُ لَا يَرِثُ وَلَا يَحْجُبُ»
The jurists upon whom knowledge ended held the opinion that: "A slave neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived (of inheritance), and a disbeliever neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived, and the one whose death is uncertain neither inherits nor causes anyone to be deprived."
Hadith 1329
سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ فِي مُسْلِمٍ أَعْتَقَ نَصْرَانِيًّا فَمَاتَ قَالَ: «لَا يَرِثُهُ»
It is narrated from Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) that a Muslim freed a Christian slave and he died, so he said: "He will not be his heir."
