سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّا أَنْـزَلْنَا التَّوْرَاةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ يَحْكُمُ بِهَا النَّبِيُّونَ الَّذِينَ أَسْلَمُوا لِلَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالأَحْبَارُ بِمَا اسْتُحْفِظُوا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ وَكَانُوا عَلَيْهِ شُهَدَاءَ فَلا تَخْشَوُا النَّاسَ وَاخْشَوْنِ وَلا تَشْتَرُوا بِآيَاتِي ثَمَنًا قَلِيلا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ} .
His (Allah's) saying: {Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light. The prophets who submitted [to Allah] judged by it for the Jews, as did the rabbis and scholars by that with which they were entrusted of the Scripture of Allah, and they were witnesses thereto. So do not fear the people but fear Me, and do not exchange My verses for a small price. And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed—then it is those who are the disbelievers} to His (Allah's) saying: {And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed—then it is those who are the wrongdoers}
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Hadith 749
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُجَيْرٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ } قَالَ: لَيْسَ بِالْكُفْرِ الَّذِي تَذْهَبُونَ إِلَيْهِ .
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said regarding the statement of Allah the Exalted: ﴿And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then they are the disbelievers﴾: This is not the disbelief that you people think it is.
Hadith 750
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ }، وَ: { الظَّالِمُونَ }، وَ: { الْفَاسِقُونَ } فِي الْيَهُودِ خَاصَّةً .
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed: “And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then they are the disbelievers” __QUR_N__, and “the wrongdoers” __QUR_N__, and “the defiantly disobedient” __QUR_N__ only about the Jews.
Hadith 751
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، قَالَ: نَا الشَّعْبِيُّ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ } فِي أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ: { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ } قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي الْيَهُودِ: { فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ } قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي النَّصَارَى .
Shu'bi, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The verse, "And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then they are the disbelievers" __QUR_N__ was revealed about the people of Islam; "then they are the wrongdoers" __QUR_N__ was revealed about the Jews; and "then they are the defiantly disobedient" __QUR_N__ was revealed about the Christians.
Hadith 752
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا الْعَوَّامُ، عَنْ يُسَيْرٍ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ مَنْ قَضَى بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ بَعْدَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ الثَّلَاثِ: { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْـزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ }، وَ { الظَّالِمُونَ }، فَمَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ مَنْ قَضَى بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ .
Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I have not seen anyone, after these three verses — “And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, then they are the disbelievers,” “the wrongdoers” — judging between two people as he did, that is, I have not found anyone equal to the gravity of this responsibility.
Hadith 753
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا الْمُغِيرَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ إِذَا اسْتُحْلِفُوا: يُغَلَّظُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِدِينِهِمْ، فَإِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْيَمِينُ اسْتُحْلِفُوا بِاللهِ .
Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When the people of dhimma are made to swear an oath, they should be dealt with strictly according to their religion, and when the occasion of the oath comes, they should be made to swear by Allah.
Hadith 754
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا مُغِيرَةُ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، أَنْ لَا تَسْتَحْلِفُوا بِغَيْرِ اللهِ أَحَدًا .
Mughira (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates: Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) wrote that no one should be made to swear an oath by anyone other than Allah.
Hadith 755
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ، قَالَ: يُسْتَحْلَفُونَ بِاللهِ، وَإِنَّ التَّوْرَاةَ وَالْإِنْجِيلَ لَمِنْ كُتِبِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ .
Abdul Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said: They should be made to swear by Allah, and indeed the Torah and the Gospel are among the Books of Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
Hadith 756
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَسْتَحْلِفُ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ بِاللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) used to make the People of the Book swear only by Allah the Mighty and Majestic when taking an oath from them.
Hadith 757
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا حُصَيْنٌ، عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ } قَالَ: كَفَّارَةٌ لِلْجَارِحِ .
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said regarding the statement of Allah the Exalted: ﴿فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ﴾ — This is an expiation for the one who caused the injury.
Hadith 758
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَهُ .
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: “The meaning of: ‘But if he gives it as charity, it is an expiation for him’ is that it is an expiation for the one who caused the injury.”
Hadith 759
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا مُغِيرَةُ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، قَالَ: لِلْجَارِحِ، وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ: لِلْمَجْرُوحِ .
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The meaning of ﴿فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ﴾ is the one who caused the injury, and Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The meaning is the one who was injured.
Hadith 760
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ } قَالَ: الَّذِي أَصَابَهُ، وَالْمَجْرُوحُ أَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللهِ .
Ibrahim Nakha'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said in the explanation of Allah the Exalted's statement: ﴿فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ﴾ "So whoever gives it as charity, it is an expiation for him": This expiation is for the one who forgives, and as for the one who was wounded, his reward is upon Allah.
Hadith 761
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، سَمِعَ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ يَسْأَلُ مُجَاهِدًا عَنْ قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ } قَالَ: لِلْجَارِحِ .
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) said in the explanation of Allah the Exalted’s statement: ﴿فَمَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ﴾ “So whoever gives it as charity, it is an expiation for him”: This expiation is for the one who caused the wound, that is, the one who inflicted the injury.
Hadith 762
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ ظِبْيَانَ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا هَتَمَ فَمَ رَجُلٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَأُعْطِيَ دِيَةً فَأَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَقْتَصَّ، فَأُعْطِيَ دِيَتَيْنِ فَأَبَى، فَأُعْطِيَ ثَلَاثًا، فَحَدَّثَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِدَمٍ إِلَى دُونِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ إِلَى يَوْمِ يَمُوتُ .
Adi bin Thabit (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates that during the time of Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him), a man broke another man's mouth, so blood money was given to him, but he refused and insisted on taking retribution (qisas). Then he was offered two blood monies, but he refused. Then he was offered three blood monies. At that, a companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Whoever gives up (forgives) some of his right to blood money, it will be an expiation for him from the day he was born until the day he dies.
