سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ أَوْ يُنْفَوْا مِنَ الأَرْضِ}
His (Allah's) saying: {The penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land}
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Hadith 729
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْمُخَارِقِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوا أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُمْ مِنْ خِلافٍ أَوْ يُنْفَوْا مِنَ الأَرْضِ } قَالَ: إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُحَارِبُ قُتِلَ، وَإِذَا قَتَلَ وَأَخَذَ الْمَالَ صُلِبَ، وَإِذَا أَخَذَ الْمَالَ وَلَمْ يَقْتُلْ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ وَرِجْلُهُ مِنْ خِلَافٍ، وَإِذَا دَفَّ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، وَأَخَافَ السَّبِيلَ، وَلَمْ يَأْخُذْ مَالًا، وَلَمْ يَقْتُلْ نُفِيَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ .
Saeed bin Jubair, may Allah have mercy on him, said in the explanation of Allah the Exalted’s statement: ﴿إِنَّمَا جَزَاءُ الَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ﴾: If the highway robber has killed someone, then he should be killed; if he has both killed and stolen wealth, then he should be crucified; if he has only stolen wealth and not killed, then his hand and foot from opposite sides should be cut off; and if he has only blocked the road by force and frightened people, without stealing wealth or killing, then he should be exiled.
Hadith 730
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا أَبُو حُرَّةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ .
This narration is also reported from Hasan al-Basri, may Allah have mercy on him, the Tabi'i.
Hadith 731
وَأَنَا عُبَيْدَةُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ .
Ubaidah (may Allah have mercy on him) says: And I narrated this statement from Ibrahim Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him).
Hadith 732
وَجُوَيْبِرٌ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ .
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him), Ata (may Allah have mercy on him), Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him), and Dahhak (may Allah have mercy on him) — all these personalities say that the Imam has been given authority regarding the highway robber.
Hadith 733
وَلَيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ .
Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him), Ata (may Allah have mercy on him), Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him), and Dahhak (may Allah have mercy on him) — all these personalities say that the Imam has been given authority regarding the highway robber.
Hadith 734
وَحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَأَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ، قَالُوا: الْإِمَامُ مُخَيَّرٌ فِي الْمُحَارِبِ، أَيُّ ذَلِكَ شَاءَ فَعَلَ .
Hajjaj bin Arta'ah (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from 'Ata' (may Allah have mercy on him) and Mujahid (may Allah have mercy on him) that they said: The Imam has the choice regarding the highway robber; he may impose whichever punishment he wishes among them.
Hadith 735
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، قَالَ: مَا كَانَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، أَوْ كَذَا، أَوْ كَذَا، فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ .
Ata (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Wherever in the Qur'an there is mention of "Ya hadha", "Ya hadha", "Ya hadha", then there is choice there.
Hadith 736
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أُتِيَ عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى الْعِرَاقِ بِثَلَاثَةِ نَفَرٍ قَدْ قَطَعُوا الطَّرِيقَ، وَخَذَمُوا بِالسُّيُوفِ، فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْهِ نَاسٌ بِقَتْلِهِمْ، فَاسْتَشَارَنِي، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: لَا تَفْعَلْ، فَنَهَيْتُهُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُمْ لِمَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ مِنْ رَأْيِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي ذَلِكَ، أَنَّهُ لَا يَسْتَحِلُّ قَتْلَ شَيْءٍ كَانَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْحَالِ، فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهِ حَتَّى قُتِلَ أَحَدُهُمْ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِقَلْبِهِ بَعْضُ مَا قُلْتُ، فَكَتَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى عُمْرَ، فَجَاءَهُ جَوَابُهُ جَوَابًا غَلِيظًا، يُقَبِّحُ لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ، وَفِي الْكِتَابِ: فَهَلَّا إِذْ تَأَوَّلْتَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَرَأَيْتَ أَنَّهُمْ أَهْلَهَا أَخَذْتَ بِأَيْسَرِ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ أَبُو الزِّنَادِ: فَإِنْ رَأَى الَّذِي يَنْتَهِي إِلَى رَأْيِهِمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، مُدَّعِيًا أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِالْمُحَارِبِ الَّذِي يَتَلَصَّصُ وَيَسْتَخْفِي مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ وَيَغْزُو، لَكِنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: إِنَّ الْمُحَارِبَ الَّذِي يُفْسِدُ نَسْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَلَا يُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ السُّلْطَانِ .
Abu al-Zinad (may Allah have mercy on him) says: Abdul Hameed, who was the governor of Iraq, three men were brought to him who had committed highway robbery and attacked with swords. Some people advised their killing. He sought my opinion, so I forbade it because I knew the opinion of Sayyiduna Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him) that he did not consider killing permissible in such a situation. But due to the insistence of the people, one of them was killed. Then the governor felt something about my words and wrote a letter to Umar bin Abdul Aziz. A harsh reply came from him in which he condemned this act and wrote: If you had pondered over this verse and seen that they were its subject, then you would have imposed the lightest punishment on them. Abu al-Zinad says: Those in Madinah who were people of opinion in this matter used to say that a "muharib" (one who wages war against society) is he who corrupts the lineage of Muslims, does not accept the invitation of the ruler, and does not commit mischief secretly but openly.
