سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالأَقْرَبِينَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ}
His saying, Exalted is He: {Prescribed for you when death approaches [any] one of you if he leaves wealth is that he should make a bequest for the parents and near relatives according to what is acceptable—a duty upon the righteous.}
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Hadith 247
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالأَقْرَبِينَ } قَالَ: كَانَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ، فَنُسِخَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ، وَأُثْبِتَ لَهُمَا نَصِيبُهُمَا فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ، وَنُسِخَ مِنَ الْأَقْرَبِينَ كُلُّ وَارِثٍ، وَبَقِيَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْأَقْرَبِينَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرِثُونَ .
Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “When death approaches any of you, if he leaves behind wealth, the bequest is for parents and near relatives.” That is, at the time of death, there was a command for bequest to parents and relatives. Then, the bequest for parents was abrogated, and their share was fixed in Surah An-Nisa, and among the relatives, for every person who was to inherit, the command for bequest was abrogated. However, for those relatives who do not become heirs, the command for bequest remains.
Hadith 248
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ الْمَكِّيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُوصِيَ، قَالَتْ: كَمْ مَالُكَ ؟ قَالَ: ثَلَاثَةُ آلَافٍ، قَالَتْ: كَمْ عِيَالُكَ ؟ قَالَ: أَرْبَعَةٌ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا } وَإِنَّ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ يَسِيرٌ، فَاتْرُكْهُ لِعِيَالِكَ فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ .
A man said to Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): I want to make a will. She asked: How much wealth do you have? He said: Three thousand. She asked: How many dependents do you have? He said: Four. So she said: Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has said: ﴿إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا﴾ meaning, if he leaves behind wealth and property, and this wealth is little, so leave it for your dependents; that is better.
Hadith 249
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَ: مَا مِنْ مَالٍ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْ مَالٍ يَتْرُكُهُ الرَّجُلُ لِوَلَدِهِ، يُغْنِيهِمْ عَنِ النَّاسِ .
Aamir al-Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: No wealth is more rewarding than the wealth a man leaves for his children so that they remain independent of people.
Hadith 250
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، قَالَ: نَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِذَا تَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ سَبْعَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَا يُوصِي .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: When the deceased leaves seven hundred dirhams, he should not make a bequest.
Hadith 251
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ: نَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: دَخَلَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَى صَدِيقٍ لَهُ يَعُودُهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُوصِيَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: { إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا } وَإِنَّكَ إِنَّمَا تَدَعُ شَيْئًا يَسِيرًا، فَدَعْهُ لِعِيَالِكَ، فَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ .
Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) went to visit a sick friend. That person said: I want to make a will. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Indeed, Allah the Exalted says: "If he leaves behind any good (wealth)" and what you are leaving behind is little, so leave it for your family and dependents; that is better.
Hadith 252
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ الْبَصْرَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: قَدْ نُسِخَ هَذَا .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) recited this verse on the pulpit of Basra, then said: This ruling has been abrogated.
Hadith 253
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْوَصِيَّةَ كَانَتْ قَبْلَ الْمِيرَاثِ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ الْمِيرَاثُ نَسَخَ الْمِيرَاثُ مَنْ يَرِثُ، وَبَقِيَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِمَنْ لَا يَرِثُ، فَهِيَ ثَابِتَةٌ، فَمَنْ أَوْصَى لِغَيْرِ ذِي قَرَابَةٍ لَمْ تَجُزْ وَصِيَّتُهُ ؛ لِأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: لَا تَجُوزُ لِوَارِثٍ وَصِيَّةٌ .
Tawoos (may Allah have mercy on him) used to say: The command of bequest (wasiyyah) was before inheritance, then when the command of inheritance was revealed, bequest for heirs was abrogated, and those who are not heirs remained entitled to bequest, so this (ruling) remains. Therefore, if a person makes a bequest for someone who is not a close relative, his bequest is not permissible; because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bequest is not permissible for an heir."
Hadith 254
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا يُونُسُ، وَحُمَيْدٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: مَنْ أَوْصَى لِغَيْرِ ذِي قَرَابَتِهِ فَلِلَّذِينَ أَوْصَى لَهُمْ ثُلُثُ الثُّلُثِ، وَلِقَرَابَتِهِ ثُلُثَا الثُّلُثِ .
Hasan (may Allah have mercy on him) used to say: If a person makes a bequest for someone who is not his close relative, then those for whom he made the bequest will receive one third of the third, and his close relatives will receive two thirds of the third.
