سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
بَابُ تَفْسِيرِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ
Chapter on the explanation of Surah Al-Fatiha
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Hadith 168
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ، فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ، غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ، قُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، إِنِّي أَكُونُ أَحْيَانًا وَرَاءَ إِمَامٍ ؟ فَغَمَزَ ذِرَاعِي وَقَالَ: يَا فَارِسِيُّ، اقْرَأْهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: قَسَمْتُ السُّورَةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ، فَنِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي، يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: { الْحَمْدُ لِلهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ } فَيَقُولُ اللهُ: حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي، وَيَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: { الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ } فَيَقُولُ اللهُ: أَثْنَى عَلَيَّ عَبْدِي، وَيَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } فَيَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: مَجَّدَنِي عَبْدِي، فَهَذَا لِي، وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ، وَهَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي، يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: { إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ } وَهَذَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ، وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ، يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ: { اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ * صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلا الضَّالِّينَ } .
Abdur Rahman bin Yaqub, may Allah have mercy on him, narrates from his father that Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, says that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever offers a prayer in which he does not recite Umm al-Qur’an (Surah al-Fatihah), then it is incomplete, it is incomplete, it is not complete. I asked: O Abu Hurairah! Sometimes I am behind the Imam? So he pressed my arm and said: O Farsi! Recite it in your heart, because I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, say that Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: I have divided this Surah (Surah al-Fatihah) between Myself and My servant into two parts, so half of it is for Me and half is for My servant. When the servant says: ﴿الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ (All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds), Allah says: My servant has praised Me. When the servant says: ﴿الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ (The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful), Allah says: My servant has extolled Me. When the servant says: ﴿مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ﴾ (Master of the Day of Judgment), Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: My servant has glorified Me. So this part is for Me, and for My servant is what he asks. And when the servant says: ﴿إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ﴾ (You alone we worship and You alone we ask for help), then this is equally divided between Me and My servant, and for My servant is what he asks. And when the servant says: ﴿اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ * صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ﴾ (Guide us to the straight path, the path of those upon whom You have bestowed favor, not of those who have evoked [Your] anger or of those who are astray).
Hadith 169
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا مُخْبِرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمْ كَانُوا يَقْرَؤُونَ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } .
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) used to recite ﴿مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ﴾.
Hadith 170
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقْرَأُ كَذَلِكَ .
Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him) narrates from his father that he heard Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) reciting in this manner.
Hadith 171
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا هُشَيْمٌ، قَالَ: نَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ، أَنَّ أُبَيَّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } .
It is narrated from Abu Qilabah (may Allah have mercy on him) that Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) used to recite: "Maaliki Yawmid-Deen."
Hadith 172
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: نَا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ يَقْرَأُ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ }، وَكَانَ عَلْقَمَةُ وَالْأَسْوَدُ يَقْرَآنِ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } .
Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) used to recite ﴿مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ﴾, and Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) and Aswad (may Allah have mercy on him) also used to recite ﴿مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ﴾.
Hadith 173
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ قَالَ: نَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ وَثَّابٍ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ: { مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ } .
A'mash (may Allah have mercy on him) says that Yahya bin Wathab (may Allah have mercy on him) used to recite: "Maaliki Yawmid-Deen."
