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سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالأَنْصَابُ وَالأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ * إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بَيْنَكُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاءَ فِي الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ وَعَنِ الصَّلاةِ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُنْتَهُونَ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَاللهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ} .His (Allah's) saying: {O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone altars [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful. Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist
Hadith 810
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، قَالَ: نَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ: نَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ قُلْ فِيهِمَا إِثْمٌ كَبِيرٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَإِثْمُهُمَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ نَفْعِهِمَا } قَالَ: ذَمَّهَا اللهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا، وَهِيَ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَلَالٌ، ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فِيهِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ آيَةً فِي شَأْنِ الْخَمْرِ هِيَ أَشَدُّ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، فَقَالَ: { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلاةَ وَأَنْتُمْ سُكَارَى حَتَّى تَعْلَمُوا مَا تَقُولُونَ }، فَكَانَ السُّكْرُ فِيهَا حَرَامًا، ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي سُورَةِ الْمَائِدَةِ: { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالأَنْصَابُ وَالأَزْلامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ } ... إِلَى قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُنْتَهُونَ } قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: فَجَاءَ تَحْرِيمُهَا فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ، قَلِيلُهَا وَكَثِيرُهَا، مَا أَسْكَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا لَمْ يُسْكِرْ .
Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Allah the Exalted mentioned wine and gambling in the verse: “They ask you about wine and gambling. Say, ‘In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their benefit.’” In this verse, He spoke ill of wine and gambling, but did not make them unlawful at that time; at that time, both were lawful. Then after that, Allah the Exalted revealed another verse, which was stricter than the first: “O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated,” meaning, do not go near prayer in a state of intoxication. Through this verse, it was made unlawful to pray while intoxicated. Then this verse from Surah al-Ma’idah was revealed: “Indeed, wine, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone altars [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it,” up to, “So will you not desist?” Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Through this verse, the prohibition of wine was completed—whether a little or a lot, whether it intoxicates or not, all was declared unlawful.
