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سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب التفسيرBook of Tafsir (Quranic Exegesis)
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلا خَطَأً وَمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ إِلا أَنْ يَصَّدَّقُوا فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِنَ اللهِ وَكَانَ اللهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا} .His (Allah's) saying: {And it is not for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake—then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment presented to the deceased's family unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer—then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty—then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one]—then [instead], a fast for two consecutive months, seeking acceptance of repentance from Allah. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise}
Hadith 664
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، نَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مُغِيرَةَ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: { وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلا خَطَأً وَمَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ إِلا أَنْ يَصَّدَّقُوا } قَالَ: هَذَا الْمُسْلِمُ الَّذِي وَرِثَتْهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، { فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ } قَالَ: هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ وَقَوْمُهُ مُشْرِكُونَ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَقْدٌ، { وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُؤْمِنَةٍ } قَالَ: هَذَا الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ وَقَوْمُهُ مُشْرِكُونَ، وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَقْدٌ فَيُقْتَلُ، فَيَكُونُ مِيرَاثُهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَتَكُونُ دِيَتُهُ لِقَوْمِهِ ; لِأَنَّهُمْ يَعْقِلُونَ عَنْهُ .
Ibrahim al-Nakha'i, may Allah have mercy on him, in the explanation of the verse: "And it is not for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake," said: When a Muslim mistakenly kills another Muslim whose heirs are Muslims, then the blood money is given to them; and if that Muslim belongs to a people who are your enemies, then only a neck (slave) is to be freed for him, because his heirs are polytheists and they have no treaty with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him; and if that Muslim belongs to a polytheist people with whom the Muslims have a treaty, then the blood money is given to his polytheist heirs because they are responsible for his blood money, and his inheritance will go to the Muslims.
