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سنن سعید بن منصور
Sunan Sa'id
كتاب الطلاقBook of Divorce
بَابُ الْمَرْأَةِ تَلِدُ لِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍChapter on a woman who gives birth at six months
Hadith 3260
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيدٌ، نا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَى، قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي زَنَيْتُ فَرَدَّدَهَا حَتَّى أَقَرَّتْ أَوْ شَهِدَتْ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِرَجْمِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: «سَلْهَا مَا زِنَاهَا فَلَعَلَّ لَهَا عُذْرًا؟» فَسَأَلَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي خَرَجْتُ فِي إِبِلِ أَهْلِي، وَلَنَا خَلِيطٌ، فَخَرَجَ فِي إِبِلِهِ فَحَمَلْتُ مَعِي مَاءً، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي إِبِلِي لَبَنٌ، وَحَمَلَ خَلِيطِي مَاءً، وَمَعَهُ فِي إِبِلِهِ لَبَنٌ، فَنَفِدَ مَائِي فَاسْتَسْقَيْتُهُ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَسْقِيَنِي حَتَّى أُمْكِنَهُ مِنْ نَفْسِي، فَأَبَيْتُ، فَلَمَّا كَادَتْ نَفْسِي تَخْرُجُ أَمْكَنْتُهُ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: " اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، أَرَى لَهَا عُذْرًا {فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ} [البقرة: 173] " فَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهَا
A woman came to Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and confessed to adultery. He sent her back several times, but when she testified four times, he ordered the punishment of stoning. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Find out the reason from her, perhaps there is an excuse." Upon inquiry, she said that she was compelled to commit the sin due to extreme thirst. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Allahu Akbar, she has an excuse, and there is no sin upon her." Thus, she was released.
Brief Explanation
Explanation:
✅ 1. “Investigation of Cause” is Obligatory in the Implementation of Hudud (Prescribed Punishments)
→ When the woman confessed, apparently the hadd (prescribed punishment) became obligatory.
→ But the insight of Ali radi Allahu anhu revealed that there was compulsion behind the confession.
✅ 2. Argument from the Qur’an: In a State of Compulsion, Even the Prohibited Can Become Permissible
→ The verse of «فمن اضطر...» is not limited only to eating and drinking,
→ Rather, it generally indicates all actions that are necessary to save life.
✅ 3. Justice, Understanding, Intention, and Circumstances Hold Importance in the Shariah
An apparent confession is not sufficient; investigation of the underlying circumstances and causes is necessary.
Hudud are dropped in case of doubt, and compulsion is a cause for concession.
✅ Conclusion:
This narration is sahih al-isnad (authentic in its chain of transmission), and is a lofty example of fiqhi (jurisprudential) principle, Qur’anic reasoning, and judicial insight.
The following principles are derived from it:
Fiqhi Rule: Fiqhi Rule | Explanation, “Hudud are repelled by doubts” | If there is doubt or compulsion, the hadd is dropped, “Necessity makes prohibited things permissible” | For saving life, prohibited actions may be permitted, “Confession is not sufficient if there is overwhelming compulsion” | Even after confession, if there is compulsion, the hadd is not applied.
✅ 1. “Investigation of Cause” is Obligatory in the Implementation of Hudud (Prescribed Punishments)
→ When the woman confessed, apparently the hadd (prescribed punishment) became obligatory.
→ But the insight of Ali radi Allahu anhu revealed that there was compulsion behind the confession.
✅ 2. Argument from the Qur’an: In a State of Compulsion, Even the Prohibited Can Become Permissible
→ The verse of «فمن اضطر...» is not limited only to eating and drinking,
→ Rather, it generally indicates all actions that are necessary to save life.
✅ 3. Justice, Understanding, Intention, and Circumstances Hold Importance in the Shariah
An apparent confession is not sufficient; investigation of the underlying circumstances and causes is necessary.
Hudud are dropped in case of doubt, and compulsion is a cause for concession.
✅ Conclusion:
This narration is sahih al-isnad (authentic in its chain of transmission), and is a lofty example of fiqhi (jurisprudential) principle, Qur’anic reasoning, and judicial insight.
The following principles are derived from it:
Fiqhi Rule: Fiqhi Rule | Explanation, “Hudud are repelled by doubts” | If there is doubt or compulsion, the hadd is dropped, “Necessity makes prohibited things permissible” | For saving life, prohibited actions may be permitted, “Confession is not sufficient if there is overwhelming compulsion” | Even after confession, if there is compulsion, the hadd is not applied.
